Geriatrics & gerontology international
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Geriatr Gerontol Int · Dec 2019
Association of trajectories of cognitive function with cause-specific mortality and medical and long-term care costs.
Cognitive decline increases mortality risk through dementia-related pathways and might be associated with increased healthcare costs. Using up to 12 years of repeated measures data, we identified trajectories in cognitive function among community-dwelling older Japanese adults. We then examined whether these trajectories were associated with all-cause and cause-specific mortality, and differences in healthcare costs. ⋯ The risk of death from cardiovascular disease was higher in the two lower-trajectory groups in cognitive function, and they showed higher healthcare costs during the first 5 years of follow up. After 8 years of follow up, the third trajectory had the highest healthcare costs, perhaps because of hospitalizations attributable to gradual cognitive decline. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 1236-1242.
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Geriatr Gerontol Int · Nov 2019
Sarcopenia as a predictor of activities of daily living capability in stroke patients undergoing rehabilitation.
The aim of the present study was to clarify the relationship between sarcopenia, as defined by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People, and the recovery of the capability to carry out activities of daily living in convalescent stroke patients who completed a rehabilitation program. ⋯ Stroke-related sarcopenia appears to be a predictor of how well male patients can engage in activities of daily living after rehabilitation. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 1124-1128.
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Geriatr Gerontol Int · Nov 2019
Observational StudyImpact of age on survival of patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest transported to tertiary emergency medical institutions in Osaka, Japan.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) characteristics of patients stratified by age who had resuscitation attempted and were transported to tertiary emergency medical institutions in Osaka Prefecture, Japan; especially those of advanced age. ⋯ In this population, advanced age (≥85 years) was strongly associated with poor outcomes. Further discussion of policies directed at resuscitation of very elderly OHCA patients is required, considering limited medical resources and the rapidly aging population in Japan. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 1088-1095.
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Geriatr Gerontol Int · Sep 2019
Multicenter StudyGeriatric Nutritional Risk Index, a predictive assessment tool, for postoperative complications after abdominal surgery: A prospective multicenter cohort study.
Patients awaiting abdominal surgery are often malnourished, which puts them at a high risk of postoperative complications. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of preoperative nutritional status using the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) on postoperative complications and the course of recovery for patients undergoing abdominal surgery. ⋯ Malnutrition indicated by the GNRI might be predictive of postoperative complications after abdominal surgery and the delay of postoperative course. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 924-929.
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Geriatr Gerontol Int · Sep 2019
Sarcopenia-associated factors in Japanese patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A cross-sectional study.
To evaluate the prevalence rate and factors associated with sarcopenia in Japanese patients with rheumatoid arthritis. ⋯ The sarcopenia-associated factors were age, body mass index, C-reactive protein and hip bone mineral density in Japanese patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Because the Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index, a standard measurement of function, cannot predict sarcopenia, the muscle mass needs to be measured while assessing changes in grip strength, body mass index, C-reactive protein and hip bone mineral density. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 907-912.