Ugeskrift for laeger
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Ugeskrift for laeger · May 2019
Case Reports[Sodium-glucose-cotransporter 2 inhibitor-associated euglycaemic diabetic ketoacidosis].
This case report describes a 51-year-old man, who had Type 2 diabetes and was being treated with a sodium-glucose-cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i). The patient developed euglycaemic diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) during surgery. A perioperative arterial blood gas analysis revealed meta-bolic acidosis (pH = 7.07), but the euglycaemic component of the DKA resulted in a delayed diagnosis of the DKA by 12 hours. A delayed diagnosis of DKA can be fatal, thus em-phasising the importance of considering DKA as a dif-erential diagnosis in SGLT2i-treated patients with unspecific symp-toms.
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Ugeskrift for laeger · May 2019
Review[Sphenopalatine ganglion block for treatment of post-dural puncture headache].
In this review, we discuss transnasal sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) block: a new, simple and minimally invasive procedure for the treatment of post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) by applying local anaesthesia through the patient's nose to the nasopharynx. PDPH is a severe and disabling complication sometimes caused by lumbar puncture or unintentional dural puncture. Current treatment includes epidural blood patch, which is an invasive and resource-demanding procedure with the potential of causing severe complications such as infection and paralysis. SPG block seems to be effective and may ease and improve the treatment of PDPH.
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Ugeskrift for laeger · Mar 2019
[Cancer immune therapy for the treatment of haematological malignancies].
Cancer immune therapy is now used routinely for the treatment of several solid malignancies, albeit just recently having entered the clinic for treatment of haematological malignancies. Several studies demonstrate that cancer immune therapy is a promising treatment modality for the latter. Especially treatment with chimeric antigen receptor T cells for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and lymphoma is promising. Other promising treatment modalities are immune check point inhibitors for both lymphoid and myeloid malignancies, as well as therapeutic cancer vaccination targeting tumour antigens.
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Ugeskrift for laeger · Feb 2019
Review[Indications and application of extracorporeal shockwave therapy].
Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) is a novel treatment modality to stimulate tissue regeneration and anti-fibrosis. In this review, we summarise the use of ESWT for erectile dysfunction (ED), diabetic foot ulcers (DFU), Peyronie's disease (PD), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and scleroderma. ⋯ ESWT is still experimental for CKD and scleroderma. In general, ESWT is associated with few and mild adverse effects.
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Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive disorder, which causes degeneration of peripheral nerves and muscles. It usually presents in childhood due to an insufficient level of survival motor neuron protein. ⋯ At one-year follow-up, all children had improved motor function, but the child, who was treated from the age of five months, had more pronounced motor improvements than the other children. In conclusion, nusinersen seems to improve motor development in SMA, and an early treatment start is crucial.