Ugeskrift for laeger
-
Ugeskrift for laeger · Jun 2011
[Infections related to central venous catheters in children affected from malignant diseases].
Central venous catheters (CVC) are an essential part of the treatment of children with haematological and oncological diseases. Unfortunately, CVC also represent a major risk factor of bloodstream infections. ⋯ On suspicion of CRBSI empirical antibiotic treatment with piperacillin-tazobactam, meropenem or ampicillin in combination with gentamicin is recommended. The systemic treatment can be combined with catheter-lock therapy.
-
Ugeskrift for laeger · Jun 2011
Review Comparative Study[Weight reducing and glucose reducing effects of liraglutide treatment for patients with type 2 diabetes].
Treatment with glucagon-like peptide-1 analogues including liraglutide is a new treatment option for patients with type 2 diabetes. Treatment with liraglutide decreases HbA1c by 1-2%, and additionally liraglutide has a reducing effect on weight, lipids and blood pressure. ⋯ The risk of major hypoglycaemic episodes is minimal. Long term data on treatment and adverse events with liraglutide are still lacking.
-
Ugeskrift for laeger · Jun 2011
[Tapentadol is a new, strongly efficative analgeticum with dual effect mechanisms].
Tapentadol exerts its analgesic effects through opioid receptor agonism and noradrenaline reuptake inhibition in the central nervous system. Clinical studies show that tapentadol effectively relieves moderate to severe pain in both post-operative and chronic pain. In these trials with equianalgesic doses of tapentadol and oxycodone, treatment with tapentadol was associated with significantly fewer gastrointestinal-related adverse events. Furthermore, in a placebo-controlled study, tapentadol has shown good efficacy in painful diabetic polyneuropathy.
-
Effective palliative care requires continuous contact, exchange of information, and mutual professional respect between all the relevant health-care professionals. At least one of the professionals should coordinate care. Many patients with advanced cancer report uncovered palliative care needs. In order to assure that all cancer patients receive optimal palliative care, earlier initiation and better integration of basic palliative care (at hospitals and in primary care) and specialist palliative care teams are needed.
-
Ugeskrift for laeger · Jun 2011
[The evidence for blood cell transfusions to non-bleeding, critically ill patients is sparse].
Critically ill non-bleeding patients often receive red blood cell transfusions in the intensive care unit because of anaemia. The evidence that transfusion leads to improved outcome is limited and the treatment may be harmful to some of these patients. Current recommendations support a restrictive transfusion strategy. Additional randomised clinical trials are needed to elucidate the association between specific haemoglobin levels, transfusion and morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients including those with severe sepsis and acute coronary syndrome.