Behavioral sleep medicine
-
Behavioral sleep medicine · Jan 2010
Ethnicity moderates the influence of perceived social status on subjective sleep quality.
It has long been recognized that socioeconomic status (SES) influences health and health-related behaviors, and it has been suggested that the adverse impact of low SES on health may be partly mediated by poor sleep quality. The relation between sleep and objective and subjective measures of SES has only been explored in a preliminary manner, providing indirect evidence that associations between SES and health might be explained, in part, by disrupted sleep. However, it remains unclear whether low SES directly affects sleep quality or whether the SES-sleep quality relation varies as a function of ethnicity given robust ethnic disparities across SES-related factors. ⋯ Using hierarchical regressions and a dummy-coded ethnicity variable, results demonstrated significant moderation (ΔR₂ = 0.04, p = .02), such that both Asian (p = .04) and African Americans (p = .02) were significantly different from Caucasian Americans. Lower perceived social status was related to greater impairment in sleep quality for Asian Americans (β = -.37, p < .01) and African Americans (β = -.51, p < .01), but not Caucasian Americans (β = -.02, p = .87). These findings provide initial support for the negative impact of low perceived social status on sleep quality for specific subgroups of ethnic minorities.
-
Behavioral sleep medicine · Jan 2008
Sleep quality and efficiency in adolescents with chronic pain: relationship with activity limitations and health-related quality of life.
The primary purpose of this report was to test hypothesized relationships among poorer sleep quality, increased activity limitations, and reduced health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in adolescents with and without chronic pain. Forty adolescents (20 with chronic pain, 20 healthy) completed measures of HRQOL, activity limitations, pain, depression, and sleep quality. Actigraphy was completed over 7 days. ⋯ In multiple regression analyses, frequency of pain predicted activity limitations and HRQOL. Controlling for pain and depression, lower sleep efficiency was a significant predictor of greater activity limitations but not of HRQOL. Adolescents with chronic pain would benefit from thorough assessment and treatment of sleep disturbances, as alleviation of sleep complaints might enhance HRQOL and physical functioning in this population.
-
Behavioral sleep medicine · Jan 2008
Bedtime activities, sleep environment, and sleep/wake patterns of Japanese elementary school children.
Bedtime activities, sleep environment, and their impact on sleep/wake patterns were assessed in 509 elementary school children (6-12 years of age; 252 males and 257 females). Television viewing, playing video games, and surfing the Internet had negative impact on sleep/wake parameters. ⋯ Time to return home later than 8 p.m. from after-school activity also had a negative impact on sleep/wake patterns. Health care practitioners should be aware of the potential negative impact of television, video games, and the Internet before bedtime, and also the possibility that late after-school activity can disturb sleep/wake patterns.
-
Behavioral sleep medicine · Jan 2008
Effects of call on sleep and mood in internal medicine residents.
Residents on call experience decreased total sleep time (TST) and increased dysphoria. This study monitored changes in mood and sleepiness for 3 post-call days. Fifty-two internal medicine residents participated in the study. ⋯ The effects of call linger past the first recovery night. For these residents, recovery sleep appeared inadequate, and the negative effects of call persisted across succeeding off-call days. Thus, for these residents on a 1-in-4 schedule, call affects their mood for much of the time when off call and potentially their personal and professional interactions during this period as well.
-
Behavioral sleep medicine · Jan 2008
University students and "the all nighter": correlates and patterns of students' engagement in a single night of total sleep deprivation.
This study evaluated the self-reported patterns, motivations, and correlates of engagement in a single night of total sleep deprivation (SN-TSD) in a sample of 120 university students at a 4-year liberal arts college. Participants' mean age . was 20.1 years; the sample was 63% female. Measures included the Owl-Lark Scale of circadian preference; the Beck Depression Inventory; and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI); as well as self-reported usual bedtime, rise time, and total sleep time. ⋯ No differences between genders or among class standing with respect to use of SN-TSD were detected. Engagement in SN-TSD was associated with later self-reported bedtimes, evening preference, and poorer academic achievement as measured by GPA. A trend for increased symptoms of depression was detected; sleep quality as measured by the PSQI was not related to engagement in SN-TSD.