Journal of women's health
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Journal of women's health · Dec 2011
A national study of out-of-pocket expenditures for mammography screening.
To identify variations in screening mammography expenditures, primarily out-of-pocket and total expenditures, of women 40-64 years of age in the United States and factors associated with variations. ⋯ Large variations in out-of-pocket expenditures were observed among women with and without insurance and between insurance types, geographic regions of the United States, and types of facilities where mammograms were received. A higher financial burden of mammography screening among some subgroups of women may act as a barrier to future mammography screening.
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Journal of women's health · Dec 2011
Cesarean section and postpartum depression in a cohort of Chinese women with a high cesarean delivery rate.
Whether or not cesarean delivery is associated with increased risk of postpartum depression (PPD) remains unclear. ⋯ Cesarean section is associated with increased risk of PPD in Chinese women with a high cesarean delivery rate.
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Journal of women's health · Dec 2011
Co-occurring intimate partner violence and mental health diagnoses in perinatal women.
To describe the co-occurrence of intimate partner violence (IPV) and mental health burden among perinatal mothers attending well-baby visits with their infants in the first year of life. We compare rates of depression, anxiety disorder, and substance abuse diagnoses between mothers who reported IPV within the past year to those who did not. ⋯ These findings have implications for practitioners who encounter perinatal women. Findings suggest providers should explore signs and symptoms of depression and anxiety disorders among women reporting IPV. Similarly, when perinatal mothers report symptoms of depression, PTSD, or panic disorder, practitioners should be alert to the possible contributory role of IPV.
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Journal of women's health · Dec 2011
Resident and program director gender distribution by specialty.
Although enrollment of women in U.S. medical schools has increased, women remain less likely to achieve senior academic rank, lead academic departments, or be appointed to national leadership positions. The purpose of this paper is to compare the gender distribution of residency program directors (PDs) with residents and faculty in the 10 largest specialties. ⋯ Women remain underrepresented in PD appointments relative to the proportion of female medical school faculty and female residents. Mechanisms to address gender-based barriers to advancement should be considered.
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Journal of women's health · Dec 2011
Markers of inflammation in midlife women with intimate partner violence histories.
Lifetime occurrence of intimate partner violence (IPV) in women has been associated with increased prevalence of aging-related chronic diseases, including those with a pathophysiology involving inflammation. To begin to identify potential biologic mediators of this relationship, this cross-sectional study examined associations between past IPV and circulating levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6)-measures linked with emergence of aging-related diseases-along with in vitro IL-6 production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) stimulated with either phytohemagglutinin A (PHA) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). ⋯ IPV histories remitted for an average of 10 years were associated with biologic mediators of inflammation. The profile was not uniformly proinflammatory, suggesting that in situations of traumatic or chronic stress, different aspects of the inflammatory response are differentially regulated and subjected to diverse compensatory mechanisms.