Journal of women's health
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Journal of women's health · Nov 2024
Analysis of Faculty Gender and Race in Scholarly Achievements in Academic Neurology.
Background: Intersection of gender and race and/or ethnicity in academic medicine is understudied; we aim to understand these factors in relation to scholarly achievements for neurology faculty. Methods: Faculty from 19 US neurology departments completed a survey (2021-2022) to report rank, leadership positions, publications, funded projects, awards, and speaker invitations. Regression analyses examined effects of gender, race, and their intersectionality on these achievements. ⋯ Publication numbers for BIPOC men are lower, number of funded projects and speaker invitations for White women are higher, and number of awards among White men and White women is higher compared to BIPOC women. Discussion: Our study highlights that inequities in academic rank, award number, funded projects, speakership invitations, and leadership roles disproportionately impacted BIPOC women. More studies are needed to evaluate gender and race and/or ethnicity intersectionality effects on faculty achievements, reasons for inequities, recognition, and potential solutions.
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Journal of women's health · Nov 2024
Observational StudyInitiation of Oral Endocrine Therapy and Survival Benefit Among Women with Early-Stage Breast Cancer.
Introduction: Endocrine therapy (ET) is the cornerstone of systemic treatment for patients with estrogen receptor positive breast cancer, but its uptake and adherence need further improvement. This observational study assessed ET initiation and 1-year adherence and its survival benefit among female Medicare beneficiaries with early-stage breast cancer. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed the linked 2011-2019 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare data. ⋯ Patient's demographics (e.g., older age, race/ethnicity) and baseline health services utilization (e.g., mammography) were associated with ET initiation and adherence. ET initiation and adherence was associated with reduced risk of all-cause (adjusted HR = 0.62, 0.59-0.66; HR = 0.55, 0.53-0.59; respectively) and breast cancer related (adjusted HR = 0.57, 0.50-0.64; HR = 0.41, 0.36-0.47; respectively) mortality compared with noninitiators. Conclusion: Women with early-stage breast cancer who initiate ET and are adherent to treatment may achieve survival benefits compared with noninitiators.
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Journal of women's health · Nov 2024
Multicenter StudySex Differences in Colonoscopy Indications and Findings: Results from a Large Multicenter Database.
Background: Sex-based differences are common among diseases. We aimed to investigate the differences in colonoscopy indications and its findings between males and females. Methods: A large, multi-center, cross-sectional, retrospective study included all colonoscopies performed between 2016 and 2021 in seven endoscopy departments. ⋯ However, a clinically significant difference regarding diverticulosis was observed only in patients with anemia as the indication. Conclusions: Notable differences exist between males and females in terms of the indications and findings on colonoscopy. This highlights the need for identifying the factors contributing to these differences and the developing sex-specific approaches for the diagnosis and management of gastrointestinal diseases.
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Background: Uterine fibroids affect patients' quality of life and contribute significantly to health care costs. Studies from 2009 to 2011 demonstrated that fibroids disproportionately affect Black women, with lower odds of uterine preservation and minimally invasive approaches. Objective: This is a retrospective cohort study of data abstracted from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database from 2015 to 2019 examining trends in surgical management of uterine fibroids and exploring disparities in surgical approach in a modern cohort. ⋯ Conclusion: Surgical treatment for fibroids increased over time, shifting toward uterine preservation. Myomectomy performance is associated with lower age and BMI and identifying as a racial and/or ethnic minority. These trends may represent improved access to surgical treatment of fibroids, resulting from the growth of minimally invasive gynecological surgery as a specialty and advocacy for equitable health care for all patients.