Journal of women's health
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Journal of women's health · Nov 2024
Maternal Recall of Obstetric Office-Based Activities That Promote Antepartum Tetanus-Diphtheria-Acellular-Pertussis Vaccination.
Objective: To explore associations between maternal characteristics and recall of obstetric provider actions in promoting antepartum tetanus-diphtheria-acellular-pertussis (Tdap) vaccination. Methods: A convenience sample of 1,682 postpartum women was surveyed in this cross-sectional study. Maternal characteristics and recall of four obstetric provider actions (recommending antepartum Tdap vaccine, offering it in clinic, providing written information, and referring patients elsewhere for vaccination) were collected. ⋯ Multivariable analysis revealed specific maternal characteristics that increased odds of recalling at least one obstetric provider action promoting Tdap vaccination, including receipt of first trimester prenatal care (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.77, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06-2.97), primiparity (aOR 1.35, 95% CI = 1.05-1.75), private health insurance (aOR 1.56, 95% CI = 1.16-2.04), higher household income (aOR ranging from 1.71 to 2.10 for ≥$150,000 for two actions), and non-White, non-Hispanic race/ethnicity (aOR ranging from 1.49 to 1.74 for Asian non-Hispanic for two actions and aOR 1.71 for Black non-Hispanic). Conclusion: Prenatal care, parity, insurance type, household income, and race/ethnicity are associated with recall of obstetric provider activities that impact antepartum Tdap vaccine promotion. Obstetric providers should recommend this potentially life-saving vaccine with each pregnancy, irrespective of differences in maternal characteristics, and policymakers should work to combat systemic factors that may cause disparities in uptake.
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Journal of women's health · Nov 2024
Perceived Barriers to Pap Screening Influence Adherence to Screening Recommendations Among Black Women.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the Health Belief Model (HBM) constructs associated with Pap screening adherence among a sample of African American and sub-Saharan African immigrant women in the United States. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted via an online survey. Participants were recruited from central Kentucky counties. ⋯ There was no difference in perceived barriers between African American and sub-Saharan African women. Conclusions: Despite public health efforts to decrease screening barriers, a perception of barriers exists among Black women. Continued efforts to address screening barriers as well as the perception of barriers are warranted among Black women.
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Journal of women's health · Nov 2024
Increasing Prevalence of Diagnosed Gestational Diabetes in South Carolina: 2015-2021.
Objective: To examine trends with a focus on racial and ethnic disparities in reported gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and related outcomes (macrosomia, large for gestational age infants) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Carolina (SC). Methods: A retrospective cohort study of pregnancies resulting in livebirths from 2015 through 2021 was conducted in SC. Statewide maternal hospital and emergency department discharge codes were linked to birth certificate data. ⋯ From quarter 1, 2020, to quarter 4, 2021, the prevalence of reported GDM increased from 8.92% to 10.85% in White, from 8.04% to 9.78% in Black, from 11.2% to 13.65% in Hispanic, and from 13.3% to 16.16% in other race-ethnic women. Conclusion: An increasing prevalence of diagnosed GDM was reported during the COVID-19 pandemic. Future studies are needed to understand the mechanisms underlying increasing trends, to develop interventions, and to determine whether the increasing trend continues in subsequent years.
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Journal of women's health · Nov 2024
Migraine and its Association with Stroke in Pregnancy: A National Examination.
Background: Migraine prevalence has been estimated to be as high as 25% during reproductive years. Despite this, and the known significantly lower odds of acute stroke being correctly diagnosed among women versus men, little is known about the migraine-stroke connection in this vulnerable population. Our study seeks to provide a consolidated examination of cerebrovascular and obstetric complications of migraines in pregnant women and to evaluate the role of concurrent comorbidities. ⋯ On multivariate analysis, acute ischemic stroke was most strongly associated with migraine with aura (odds ratio [OR], 23.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 18.46-29.31), followed by migraine without aura (OR, 8.15; 95% CI, 4.79-13.88). Conclusions: Pregnant women with migraine are at a significantly increased risk for both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Pregnant women with migraines should be cautioned that they may be at an increased risk of stroke, particularly if they are experiencing an aura, and encouraged to contact their medical providers to rule out neurological complications.
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Background: Bilateral oophorectomy has been linked to numerous health outcomes, some of which can have a long latency period. Limited data are available on bilateral oophorectomy prevalence among U. S. women. ⋯ Conclusion: Standard measures of incidence rates for ovarian cancer are not adjusted for oophorectomy status. These findings suggest that ovarian cancer incidence rates may be underestimated among older women. Continued monitoring of bilateral oophorectomy prevalence will be needed to track its potential impact on ovarian cancer incidence and numerous other chronic health outcomes.