Journal of women's health
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Journal of women's health · Jan 2012
Early age at first intercourse and subsequent gaps in contraceptive use.
Sexual debut before age 15 years has been associated with increased sexual risk behaviors among teens, but little is known about its effects beyond adolescence. This study examines the relationship between the age at first intercourse and subsequent contraceptive gaps. ⋯ Age at first intercourse is associated with inconsistent or nonuse of contraceptives in later life. Primary prevention efforts should be established to empower girls to make informed and autonomous decisions about sexual debut. Personalized contraceptive counseling has been demonstrated as being effective in increasing contraceptive use and compliance and should be offered to all women, with particular focus on women who report an early age at first intercourse or other factors associated with inconsistent contraceptive use.
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Journal of women's health · Dec 2011
A national study of out-of-pocket expenditures for mammography screening.
To identify variations in screening mammography expenditures, primarily out-of-pocket and total expenditures, of women 40-64 years of age in the United States and factors associated with variations. ⋯ Large variations in out-of-pocket expenditures were observed among women with and without insurance and between insurance types, geographic regions of the United States, and types of facilities where mammograms were received. A higher financial burden of mammography screening among some subgroups of women may act as a barrier to future mammography screening.
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Journal of women's health · Dec 2011
Cesarean section and postpartum depression in a cohort of Chinese women with a high cesarean delivery rate.
Whether or not cesarean delivery is associated with increased risk of postpartum depression (PPD) remains unclear. ⋯ Cesarean section is associated with increased risk of PPD in Chinese women with a high cesarean delivery rate.
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Journal of women's health · Dec 2011
Co-occurring intimate partner violence and mental health diagnoses in perinatal women.
To describe the co-occurrence of intimate partner violence (IPV) and mental health burden among perinatal mothers attending well-baby visits with their infants in the first year of life. We compare rates of depression, anxiety disorder, and substance abuse diagnoses between mothers who reported IPV within the past year to those who did not. ⋯ These findings have implications for practitioners who encounter perinatal women. Findings suggest providers should explore signs and symptoms of depression and anxiety disorders among women reporting IPV. Similarly, when perinatal mothers report symptoms of depression, PTSD, or panic disorder, practitioners should be alert to the possible contributory role of IPV.
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Journal of women's health · Dec 2011
Resident and program director gender distribution by specialty.
Although enrollment of women in U.S. medical schools has increased, women remain less likely to achieve senior academic rank, lead academic departments, or be appointed to national leadership positions. The purpose of this paper is to compare the gender distribution of residency program directors (PDs) with residents and faculty in the 10 largest specialties. ⋯ Women remain underrepresented in PD appointments relative to the proportion of female medical school faculty and female residents. Mechanisms to address gender-based barriers to advancement should be considered.