Journal of women's health
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Journal of women's health · May 2010
Strategies for Recruitment of Healthy Premenopausal Women into the African American Nutrition for Life (A NULIFE) Study.
Although African American women have an overall lower incidence of breast cancer, African American women <40 years of age are more likely than Caucasian women of all ages and postmenopausal African American women to be diagnosed with breast cancer and exhibit tumor characteristics associated with poorer survival. To begin to address this disparity, studies must be conducted to examine breast cancer preventive factors in this subpopulation of women. However, the strategies needed to recruit younger African American women have not been well defined. ⋯ The findings from this study add to the evolving research literature on minority recruitment strategies for research studies but specifically address effective recruitment of healthy young premenopausal African American women. The results demonstrate the need to use multiple recruitment strategies when recruiting this subgroup of African American women.
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Journal of women's health · May 2010
Economic risk factors for HIV infection among women in rural Haiti: implications for HIV prevention policies and programs in resource-poor settings.
The goals of this study were to (1) estimate the prevalence of HIV infection among women accessing services at a women's health center in rural Haiti and (2) to identify economic risk factors for HIV infection in this population. ⋯ Given pervasive gender inequality in Haiti, women's economic security often relies on their partners' income earning activities. Our findings show that although factors reflecting poverty are associated with HIV-positive status, stronger associations are observed for women whose partners indicated a more secure occupation (e.g., mechanic or market vendor). Policies and programs that expand access to education and economic opportunities for women and girls may have long-term implications for HIV prevention in Haiti and other resource-poor settings.
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Journal of women's health · Apr 2010
Comparative StudyEmergency department arrival times, treatment, and functional recovery in women with acute ischemic stroke.
Sex disparities have been well documented in patients with ischemic stroke. Previous studies have suggested that female sex is a risk factor for delay in arrival time to the emergency department (ED) and may contribute to ineligibility for thrombolytic therapy. With the increase in education efforts targeting women, we investigated whether ED arrival times, rates of thrombolytic use, and functional outcomes continue to differ in men and women with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). ⋯ Women arrive at the ED at equivalent speed as men after AIS. Women had greater functional impairments at 3 months and 12 months poststroke despite equivalent prestroke MBI and admission NIHSS. Female sex contributes to poorer chronic functional outcomes after AIS.
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Journal of women's health · Apr 2010
Comparative StudyHierarchy as a barrier to advancement for women in academic medicine.
Research on barriers to professional advancement for women in academic medicine has not adequately considered the role of environmental factors and how the structure of organizations affects professional advancement and work experiences. This article examines the impact of the hierarchy, including both the organization's hierarchical structure and professionals' perceptions of this structure, in medical school organization on faculty members' experience and advancement in academic medicine. ⋯ The hierarchical structure of academic medicine has a significant impact on faculty work experiences, including advancement, especially for women. We suggest that medical schools consider alternative models of leadership and managerial styles, including fixed terms for chairs with a greater emphasis on inclusion. This is a structural reform that could increase opportunities for advancement especially for women in academic medicine.
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Journal of women's health · Apr 2010
Comparative StudyFemale Veterans of Iraq and Afghanistan seeking care from VA specialized PTSD Programs: comparison with male veterans and female war zone veterans of previous eras.
Differences in the characteristics and mental health needs of female veterans of the Iraq/Afghanistan war compared with those of veterans of other wars may have useful implications for VA program and treatment planning. ⋯ There appear to be sufficient differences within women reporting service in different war eras and between women and men receiving treatment in VA specialized treatment programs for PTSD that consideration should be given to program planning and design efforts that address these differences in every program treating female veterans reporting war zone service.