Medicina clinica
-
Drug administration is crucial to achieve effective therapeutic drug outcomes. In medical emergencies, it is particularly convenient to use drugs that could be administered as an alternative to traditional routes (as oral or intravenous routes), that are not always suitable in these situations. ⋯ The evidence obtained has been divided into four common scenarios found in the emergency department and intensive care units: cardiovascular emergencies, acute pain, agitation, and epileptic status. Moreover, the main advantages and disadvantages of sublingual and buccal routes are presented, as the future perspectives in the drug delivery field to overcome the limitations of these routes.
-
Letter Case Reports
Spontaneous sigma perforation in patient with vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.
-
Heart failure is a pathological condition characterized by substantial prevalence and mortality, particularly in the Western world. Over recent decades, both pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions have emerged, significantly enhancing patient survival and overall quality of life. Moreover, advancements in diverse imaging modalities facilitate precise diagnosis and comprehensive investigation into the fundamental etiology, enabling the development of more precise therapeutic approaches. Nonetheless, discernible gaps persist in comprehending specific facets of this condition, albeit persistent research endeavors seek to elucidate these inquiries.
-
Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (ABPM) is considered the best method for obtaining a reliable estimation of the true blood pressure. Average values obtained during the whole 24-hour period, or during daytime and nighttime periods are better correlated with the risk of mortality and cardiovascular disease compared to clinic or office blood pressure. ⋯ ABPM is complementary to clinic blood pressure measurement and allows the definition of blood pressure phenotypes, such as "white-coat or masked hypertension, when clinic and ABPM measurements show discrepancy in normal values. Additional potentially relevant features include blood pressure variability, such as nocturnal blood pressure decline, morning surge or short-term variability, as determined by standard deviation or the coefficient of variation.