Medicina clinica
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Malnutrition is common in patients with heart failure (HF) and is associated with poor prognosis. We evaluated the prognostic and clinical impact of a nutritional intervention in malnourished patients with chronic HF. ⋯ In patients with chronic HF and some degree of malnutrition, individualized nutritional intervention may reduce the risk of all-cause mortality or HF hospitalisations and improve nutritional status and functional capacity. These results underline the need for further randomized controlled trials with this approach to confirm the potential prognostic benefit.
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a frequently used test in the diagnosis of dementia. The objective was to evaluate its effectiveness for the early diagnosis of dementia in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). ⋯ There is insufficient evidence to recommend routine brain MRI for the early diagnosis of dementia in patients with MCI.
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This article reviews the medico-legal aspects associated with infectious diseases, highlighting their complexity and the challenges they pose. Infectious diseases cause not only an increase in morbidity and mortality in the healthcare setting but also involve complex legal issues. Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) represent a growing risk with the increase in invasive procedures and can lead to patient complications and legal claims against healthcare professionals and institutions. ⋯ The review focuses on highlighting the importance of prevention, considering that healthcare-associated infections can be difficult to avoid, posing complex legal challenges. It concludes that managing infectious diseases and their legal consequences requires careful consideration of clinical practice guidelines, prevention and control strategies, and effective communication with patients. An integrated and evidence-based approach is advocated to address these challenges, emphasizing continuous education, the use of advanced diagnostic technologies, and interdisciplinary collaboration.