JPEN. Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition
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JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr · Jul 2017
Review Practice GuidelineGuidelines for the Provision and Assessment of Nutrition Support Therapy in the Pediatric Critically Ill Patient: Society of Critical Care Medicine and American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition.
This document represents the first collaboration between 2 organizations-the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition and the Society of Critical Care Medicine-to describe best practices in nutrition therapy in critically ill children. The target of these guidelines is intended to be the pediatric critically ill patient (>1 month and <18 years) expected to require a length of stay >2-3 days in a PICU admitting medical, surgical, and cardiac patients. In total, 2032 citations were scanned for relevance. ⋯ The role of supplemental parenteral nutrition has been highlighted, and a delayed approach appears to be beneficial. Immunonutrition cannot be currently recommended. Overall, the pediatric critical care population is heterogeneous, and a nuanced approach to individualizing nutrition support with the aim of improving clinical outcomes is necessary.
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JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr · Jul 2017
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyPreventing the Progression of Intestinal Failure-Associated Liver Disease in Infants Using a Composite Lipid Emulsion: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of SMOFlipid.
To examine whether SMOFlipid prevents progression of intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD) in parenteral nutrition (PN)-dependent infants with early IFALD (conjugated bilirubin 17-50 µmol/L, 1-3 mg/dL). ⋯ Compared with Intralipid, SMOFlipid reduces the risk of progressive IFALD in children with intestinal failure. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00793195.
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JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr · Jul 2017
Energy Expenditure in Critically Ill Elderly Patients: Indirect Calorimetry vs Predictive Equations.
Predictive equations (PEs) are used for estimating resting energy expenditure (REE) when the measurements obtained from indirect calorimetry (IC) are not available. This study evaluated the degree of agreement and the accuracy between the REE measured by IC (REE-IC) and REE estimated by PE (REE-PE) in mechanically ventilated elderly patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). ⋯ The effectiveness of PEs is limited for estimating REE of critically ill elderly patients. Nonetheless, HB multiplied by a correction factor of 1.2 can be used until a specific PE for this group of patients is developed.
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JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr · Jul 2017
Epidemiology and Healthcare Resource Utilization Associated With Children With Short Bowel Syndrome in the United States.
There is a lack of large database research relating to the epidemiology and health resource utilization associated with short bowel syndrome (SBS) in the United States. ⋯ Children hospitalized with SBS have a high severity of illness and experience complicated inpatient courses related to their disease. Our study represents the first use of national U.S. data to study the epidemiology and health resource utilization associated with SBS.
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JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr · May 2017
Long-Term Body Composition Changes in Women Following Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery.
Although most individuals experience successful weight loss following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), weight regain is a concern, the composition of which is not well documented. Our aim was to evaluate changes in body composition and handgrip strength as a measure of functional status in participants from a previous 1-year post-RYGB longitudinal study who had undergone RYGB approximately 9 years prior. ⋯ The continued loss of lean mass associated with decreased handgrip strength occurring with long-term trend toward FM regain post-RYGB is concerning. The loss of LST and functional strength carries particular implications for the aging bariatric population and should be investigated further.