Anales de pediatría : publicación oficial de la Asociación Española de Pediatría (A.E.P.)
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Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs induce the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis, which can cause constriction of the fetal ductus arteriosus in the pregnancy. We report two cases of antenatal closure of ductus arteriosus with severe pulmonary hypertension following maternal ingestion of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (niflumic acid and acetylsalicylic acid) in the last days before delivery. ⋯ Prescription of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs must be avoided during pregnancy. Fetal echocardiography must be monitored in those women treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a major cause of neonatal infection. Two forms of the disease have been described according to the age of presentation: early, beginning in the first 6 days of life, and late, occurring from day 7 up to 3 months of age. ⋯ The number of children with late GBS disease has increased in our center. Accordingly, the recent recommendations for the prevention of perinatal GBS vertical transmission were not effective for reducing late GBS infection. This may be due to horizontal infections from maternal sources, community or cross infections. It is important to maintain clinical suspicion of late GBS infection and start early antibiotic treatment.
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Streptococcus pneumoniae is the microorganism most frequently associated with complicated pleural effusion. After the introduction of the heptavalent pneumococcal vaccine, there was a decline in the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease and, to a lesser extent, in that of pneumonia. However, the incidence of empyema apparently increased. The antipneumococcal heptavalent vaccine was introduced in Spain in 2001. ⋯ The trend in the incidence of parapneumonic pleural effusions was parallel and proportional to that of probable bacterial pneumonia.
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To analyze the efficacy of a high-flow oxygen therapy system in children with moderate respiratory failure and/or high oxygen requirements. ⋯ The high-flow oxygen therapy system is effective in a large percentage of children with high oxygen requirements and/or moderate respiratory failure.