Anales de pediatría : publicación oficial de la Asociación Española de Pediatría (A.E.P.)
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We propose the term brainstem dysgenesis to designate patients with congenital dysfunction of the cranial nerves and muscle tone due to prenatal lesions or anomalies of the brainstem. In some patients, the dysgenesis is genetically determined and can be isolated or form part of a more extensive polymalformation syndrome (mutations of organizing or regulatory genes). In most patients with brainstem dysgenesis, however, the disorder is caused by prenatal destructive or disruptive lesions of vascular origin. ⋯ Clinical manifestations in most patients with brainstem dysgenesis, however, do not fit into any of the aforementioned syndromes. In these circumstances the term brainstem dysgenesis should be used followed by a detailed description of each patient's clinical findings and/or the brainstem segment presumably involved. The prognosis of patients with brainstem dysgenesis due to prenatal destructive lesions depends on the magnitude of the vascular territory involved and, in most cases, is better than the initial clinical manifestations would indicate.
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To describe the characteristics of the activity of a short stay observation unit (SSOU) in a tertiary hospital, and to analyze its influence on the hospitalization rate. ⋯ The opening of the SSOU has been useful in the assessment and treatment of common childhood diseases and has helped reduce the hospitalization rate, increase the complexity of inpatients and lower costs.
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Multicenter Study
[Artificial nutrition in pediatric intensive care units].
To perform an epidemiologic study of artificial nutrition in critically-ill pediatric patients. ⋯ EN provides critically-ill children with adequate energy intake and is well tolerated. Therefore, if there are no contraindications, EN should be the system of choice in the critically-ill patient requiring AN.
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Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
[Is high-dose epinephrine justified in cardiorespiratory arrest in children?].
To evaluate the impact on survival of intravenous or intraosseous high-dose epinephrine compared with standard doses in children with cardiorespiratory arrest. ⋯ Although the present study has considerable limitations, the results suggest that high doses of epinephrine do not improve survival in cardiorespiratory arrest in children.