Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992)
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Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) · Sep 2022
Randomized Controlled TrialDexmedetomidine potential in attenuating postoperative delirium in elderly patients after total hip joint replacement.
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of dexmedetomidine in reducing the occurrence of postoperative delirium in elderly patients after total hip joint replacement. ⋯ Our findings show that the dexmedetomidine medication can reduce the postoperative delirium incidence in older total hip joint replacement patients and can subsequently decrease the related hospitalization duration and cost of these patients.
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Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) · Sep 2022
Adjunctive corticosteroid therapy in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.
In tuberculosis treatment, corticosteroids are used as adjuvants, especially in meningeal/pericardial tuberculosis. In other forms of the disease, especially in severe tuberculosis requiring mechanical ventilation, its use is controversial. The aim of the present study is to assess whether the use of corticosteroids in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in mechanical ventilation is associated with in-hospital mortality. ⋯ Tuberculosis patients in mechanical ventilation who used corticosteroids had a higher mortality rate than those who did not use corticosteroids. The role of corticosteroids in pulmonary tuberculosis, especially in critically ill patients, remains unclear and needs further evaluation in prospective studies.
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Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) · Sep 2022
Observational StudyNutritional profile and outcomes of noncritical hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in a large tertiary hospital in southern Brazil.
Patients with chronic diseases, such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, and old age, which are associated with a high risk of malnutrition and worse outcomes, are at a higher risk for developing the severe presentation of COVID-19. ⋯ Reduced caloric intake and the presence of nutritional risk or its appearance during hospitalization seemed to be associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19 admitted outside the intensive care unit.
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Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) · Sep 2022
Behavioural intention of hand hygiene compliance in an average Ecuadorian hospital.
This study aimed to characterize hand hygiene behavioural intention by hospital services clusters in a medium-sized hospital in an Ecuadorian city. ⋯ The incorrect answer related to hand hygiene behavioural intention was high compared to other reports, and the worse situation was found in after contact with the environment of the patient and before patient contact. These data suggest the need of strengthening permanently the hand hygiene programme.
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Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) · Sep 2022
Epidemiological study on the lip and oral cavity cancer in Brazil: connecting science and clinical applicability.
The aim of this study was to describe and discuss the epidemiological indicators of lip and oral cavity cancer in Brazil, in 2017, according to data from the Global Burden of Disease data. ⋯ Epidemiological indicators of lip and oral cavity cancer were higher in men, with higher mortality indicators in individuals aged 50-69 years, and higher rates (incidence, prevalence, and mortality) in the South and Southeast regions of Brazil. From 2002-2015, there was a reduction in mortality; however, in the period from 2015-2017, there was a resumption in the growth of this indicator.