Radiology case reports
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Radiology case reports · Nov 2020
Case ReportsLung point-of-care (POCUS) ultrasound in a pediatric COVID-19 case.
The World Health Organization categorized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a pandemic due to its high contagion rate and widespread infectivity in February 2020. In the United States, one of the public health concerns is the adequacy of resources to treat infected cases. We describe a case of a previously well, 9-year-old obese boy who presented to the emergency department with shortness of breath, fever, abdominal pain, and cough with chest pain. ⋯ A chest X-ray found bilateral ground glass opacities and interstitial prominences consistent with viral pneumonia. Our case suggests that lung POCUS can provide adequate and rapid imaging to assess lung pathology of COVID-19 in a pediatric patient. As there is limited literature on use of lung POCUS in pediatric patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, our case emphasizes its function as a potentially efficient modality in bedside assessment.
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Radiology case reports · Oct 2020
Case ReportsPosterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome with Lilliputian hallucinations secondary to Takayasu's arteritis.
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) is a rare complication of Takayasu's Arteritis. A 54-year-old, right-handed woman presented with Lilliputian visual hallucinations, postprandial abdominal pain, blurred vision and headaches. She then had a tonic-clonic seizure. ⋯ Risk factors for PRES include; pregnancy, immunosuppression, renal disease, hypertension and rheumatological disorders. Vasogenic oedema in affected lobes, most often occipital, is characteristic of PRES on neuroimaging. Prompt treatment of PRES can avoid catastrophic consequences such as death and can achieve complete resolution of symptoms and imaging abnormalities.
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Radiology case reports · Oct 2020
Case ReportsIdentification of perforated appendicitis within a right inguinal hernia sac (Amyand's hernia) by emergency abdominal CT scan: A case report.
Amyand's hernia (AH) is a rare condition in which the vermiform appendix is herniated into the inguinal sac regardless of whether the appendix appears normal or is inflamed. Most cases of AH are diagnosed intraoperatively at the time of inguinal hernia repair as its clinical diagnosis is difficult, and the role of computed tomography (CT) and other diagnostic imaging has not been described well in the literature. We report the case of a 79-year-old female who presented to the emergency department with nonspecific symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and constipation. ⋯ Complicated appendicitis in an AH is a surgical emergency, and an accurate diagnosis is necessary for proper triage of patients and appropriate management. CT plays a significant role in revealing an unsuspected diagnosis of AH. Radiologists must be aware of this rare presentation of the appendix in an inguinal hernia sac and be familiar with AH subtypes.
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Radiology case reports · Sep 2020
Case ReportsClinical features and chest CT findings of 3 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia.
Since December 2019, a new type of acute respiratory disease caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) appeared to Wuhan, China. Currently, positive of virus nucleic acid in respiratory or blood samples is the gold standard for the diagnosis of the disease, but the nucleic acid test may be false negative. Chest CT examination plays an important role in diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia. ⋯ Ground-glass opacities with consolidation, air bronchogram, vascular enlargement, and halo sign were found. In the early stages of COVID-19 pneumonia, the laboratory parameters may be normal, the nucleic acid test may be false negative. Chest CT examination may be helpful for diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia.
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Radiology case reports · Aug 2020
Case ReportsUndiagnosed aortoesophageal fistula causing intramural hematoma of the esophagus.
Aortoesophageal fistula (AEF) is a rare, but life-threatening cause of intramural hematoma of the esophagus (IHE). Typical clinical presentation of AEF includes midthoracic pain and sentinel hemorrhage followed by massive, often fatal, hematemesis, with the period between sentinel hemorrhage and massive hematemesis generally varying from hours to days. ⋯ The fistula and associated hematoma were initially mischaracterized on imaging, and went undiagnosed for approximately 2 weeks before being iatrogenically disrupted during endoscopy. Though this case was successfully treated, aortoesophageal fistulas are associated with a high mortality, and aortoesophageal fistula/intramural hematoma of the esophagus should always be considered in the differential of an esophageal mass.