Annals of family medicine
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Annals of family medicine · Sep 2015
ReviewCancer risk assessment tools in primary care: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.
We conducted this review to identify published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of cancer risk assessment tools used in primary care and to determine their impact on clinical utility (clinicians), screening uptake (patients), and psychosocial outcomes (patients). ⋯ Risk tools may increase intentions to have cancer screening, but additional interventions at the clinician or health system levels may be needed to increase risk-appropriate cancer screening behavior.
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Annals of family medicine · Aug 2015
Challenges in the Ethical Review of Peer Support Interventions.
Ethical review processes have become increasingly complex. We have examined how 8 collaborating diabetes peer-support clinical trials were assessed by ethics committees. ⋯ Ethics committees should avoid repeating the work of other trusted agencies and consider the ethical validity of "light touch" consent procedures for peer-support interventions. The investigators propose an ethical framework for research on peer support.
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Annals of family medicine · Aug 2015
Randomized Controlled TrialPeer-Led, Empowerment-Based Approach to Self-Management Efforts in Diabetes (PLEASED): A Randomized Controlled Trial in an African American Community.
We compared a 3-month diabetes self-management education (DSME) program followed by a 12-month peer support intervention with a 3-month DSME program alone in terms of initial and sustained improvements in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Secondary outcomes were risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes distress, and social support. ⋯ In this population of African American adults, an initial DSME program, whether or not followed by 12 months of peer support, had no effect on glycemic control. Participants in the peer-support arm of the trial did, however, experience significant improvements in some CVD risk factors or stay approximately the same while the control group declined.
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Annals of family medicine · Aug 2015
Randomized Controlled TrialPeer Coaches to Improve Diabetes Outcomes in Rural Alabama: A Cluster Randomized Trial.
It is unclear whether peer coaching is effective in minority populations living with diabetes in hard-to-reach, under-resourced areas such as the rural South. We examined the effect of an innovative peer-coaching intervention plus brief education vs brief education alone on diabetes outcomes. ⋯ Telephone-delivered peer coaching holds promise to improve health for individuals with diabetes living in under-resourced areas.
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Annals of family medicine · Aug 2015
Randomized Controlled TrialPuentes hacia una mejor vida (Bridges to a Better Life): Outcome of a Diabetes Control Peer Support Intervention.
Peer support can promote diabetes control, yet research on feasible and effective peer support models is lacking. This randomized controlled trial tested a volunteer-based model of peer support for diabetes control. ⋯ Given the modest changes we observed, combined with other evidence for peer support to promote diabetes control, additional research is needed on how to modify the system of care to increase the level of peer support delivered by volunteers.