Acute medicine & surgery
-
Acute medicine & surgery · Jul 2015
ReviewAcute and emergency care for thyrotoxicosis and thyroid storm.
Thyroid hormones affect all organ systems and, in excess, can cause increased metabolic rate, heart rate, ventricle contractility, and gastrointestinal motility as well as muscle and central nervous system excitability. Thyroid storm is the extreme manifestation of thyrotoxicosis with an estimated incidence of 0.20 per 100,000 per year among hospitalized patients in Japan. ⋯ Multiple treatment aims need to be addressed in managing thyroid storm effectively. This paper puts together all aspects to be considered for the management of hyperthyroidism and thyroid storm during the acute and emergency phase as well as consideration of special populations.
-
Acute medicine & surgery · Jul 2015
Factors affecting layperson confidence in performing resuscitation of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients in Japan.
Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation including automated external defibrillator use increases the chance of survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. However, bystanders may be distressed by witnessing out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and may hesitate to initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The present study examined factors associated with layperson confidence in carrying out resuscitation of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients. ⋯ Our results suggest that more extensive cardiopulmonary resuscitation training and information regarding neighborhood automated external defibrillator locations may increase layperson confidence in initiating resuscitation.
-
Acute medicine & surgery · Apr 2015
Comparison of the conventional Macintosh laryngoscope, the Pentax Airwayscope, and the McGrath MAC video laryngoscope under restricted cervical motion: a manikin study.
We compared the utility of the conventional Macintosh laryngoscope, the Pentax Airway Scope, and the McGrath MAC video laryngoscope under restricted cervical motion using a manikin. ⋯ In the present study, the Airway Scope was the best among the three devices. However, the differences between the Airway Scope and the McGrath MAC video laryngoscope may not be serious in a clinical situation. Data were gathered using a manikin, and further studies will be necessary.
-
Acute medicine & surgery · Oct 2014
Emergency airway management by resident physicians in Japan: an analysis of multicentre prospective observational study.
To examine the success rates of emergency department airway management by resident physicians in Japan. ⋯ In this multicentre study characterizing emergency airway management across Japan, we observed that emergency department intubations were primarily managed by resident physicians with acceptably high success rates overall.
-
Acute medicine & surgery · Jan 2014
Bridging classification for injury diagnoses that can be converted to both the International Classification of Diseases and the Abbreviated Injury Scale.
The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) is currently undergoing a revision process to develop the Eleventh Revision (ICD-11), but substantial modification of chapter 19 has not been proposed despite its known problems in describing injury severity and multiple injuries. Many facilities treating trauma patients perform duplicate coding for trauma diagnoses using two different classification systems, the ICD for administrative purposes and the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) for trauma registry, because unambiguous conversion of codes between the ICD and AIS is not always possible due to structural differences. ⋯ Once injuries are coded using the bridging classification, the ICD and AIS codes are readily available. Integrating the new bridging classification into the ICD-11, possibly as a clinical modification, would eliminate the necessity of complicated procedures for code conversion and duplicate coding, and benefit users by building on the strengths of both the ICD and AIS.