JAMA network open
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Improvement of clinician understanding of acceptable deformity in pediatric distal radius fractures is needed. ⋯ The findings suggest that improved awareness of these acceptable deformities in young children may be associated with limiting the number of children requiring reduction with sedation, improving emergency department efficiency, and substantially reducing health care costs.
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Maternal obesity, pregestational type 1 and 2 diabetes, and gestational diabetes have been reported to increase the risk of autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in the mothers' offspring. However, the associations of maternal diabetes disorders and body mass index jointly with psychiatric disorders among offspring are less well documented, especially for type 2 diabetes. ⋯ Severe obesity in mothers with diabetes was associated with an increased overall risk for psychiatric disorders in their offspring. The risk was highest for those exposed to insulin-treated pregestational diabetes, followed by non-insulin-treated type 2 diabetes and gestational diabetes. These findings may have implications for managing pregnancies.
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Meta Analysis
Ocular Point-of-Care Ultrasonography to Diagnose Posterior Chamber Abnormalities: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Diagnosing posterior chamber ocular abnormalities typically requires specialist assessment. Point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) performed by nonspecialists, if accurate, could negate the need for urgent ophthalmologist evaluation. ⋯ This study suggests that emergency practitioner-performed ocular POCUS is an accurate test to assess for retinal detachment in adults. Its utility in diagnosing other posterior chamber abnormalities is promising but needs further study.
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Malignancy prediction models based on participant-related characteristics and imaging parameters from low-dose computed tomography (CT) may improve decision-making regarding nodule management and diagnosis in lung cancer screening. ⋯ This diagnostic study found that PanCan models showed excellent discrimination and calibration in prevalence screenings, confirming their ability to improve nodule management in screening settings, although calibration to nodules detected in follow-up scans should be improved. The models developed by the Mayo Clinic, Peking University People's Hospital, Department of Veterans Affairs, and UK Lung Cancer Screening Trial did not perform as well.
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Notable increases in mortality from alcohol-induced causes over the past 2 decades in the United States have been reported. However, comprehensive assessments of trends in alcohol-induced mortality by sex, age, race/ethnicity, and social and geographic factors are lacking. ⋯ This study found large increases in alcohol-induced death rates across age and racial/ethnic subgroups of the US population, which have accelerated over recent years. Large increases in alcohol-induced deaths among younger age groups may be associated with future increases in alcohol-related disease.