JAMA network open
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Comparative Study
Association of Clinical Frailty Scores With Hospital Readmission for Falls After Index Admission for Trauma-Related Injury.
Falls have been associated with morbidity and mortality in elderly patients. Assessment of frailty at hospital admission may help health care professionals evaluate fall risk in patients with trauma-related injury. ⋯ Measurement of frailty at hospital admission may be an effective tool to assess fall risk and discharge disposition among patients with trauma-related injury aged 50 years and older.
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Flavors in tobacco products may appeal to young and inexperienced users. ⋯ In this longitudinal cohort study, flavors in tobacco products were associated with youth and young adult tobacco experimentation. First use of a flavored tobacco product may place youth, young adults, and adults at risk of subsequent tobacco use.
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Surgical site infection (SSI) is an important patient safety outcome. Although social risk factors have been linked to many adverse health outcomes, it is unknown whether such factors are associated with higher rates of SSI. ⋯ Inconsistent associations between social risk factors and SSIs were found. For colectomy, infection prevention programs targeting low-income groups may be important for reducing disparities in this postoperative outcome, and policy makers could consider taking social risk factors into account when evaluating hospital performance.
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Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is one of the most common elective procedures performed in adults with end-stage arthritis. Racial disparities in TKA outcomes have been described in the literature. ⋯ This cohort study found that race/ethnicity was associated with higher odds of discharge to an IRF or SNF for postoperative care after primary TKA. Among patients younger than 65 years, African American patients were more likely than white patients to be readmitted to the hospital within 90 days. Discharge to an IRF or SNF for postoperative care and rehabilitation was also associated with a higher risk of readmission to an acute care hospital.
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According to National Patient Safety Goal 15.01.01, all individuals being treated or evaluated for behavioral health conditions as their primary reason for care in hospitals and behavioral health care organizations accredited by The Joint Commission should be screened for suicide risk using a validated tool. Existing suicide risk screens have minimal or no high-quality evidence of association with future suicide-related outcomes. ⋯ Positive results of both selective and universal screening for suicide risk in pediatric EDs appear to be associated with subsequent suicidal behavior. Screening may be a particularly effective way to detect suicide risk among those who did not present with ideation or attempt. Future studies should examine the impact of screening in combination with other policies and procedures aimed at reducing suicide risk.