Abdominal radiology (New York)
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To assess the value of Hepatobiliary phase MRI (HPB-MRI) to differentiate FNH and HCA, and evaluate its impact on diagnostic accuracy, diagnostic confidence, inter-observer variability, and patient clinical management. ⋯ The clinical impact of HBP-MRI is mostly important for smaller than 3-cm FNH, and more limited in larger FNH lesions as well as for HCA diagnosis for which conventional MRI is already accurate. The use of extracellular contrast agents upfront could limit the required use of linear HBP contrast agents for benign hepatocellular lesion characterization. On HBP, all FNH appeared hypointense compared to adjacent liver while close to 97% of HCA appeared hypointense.
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To assess the diagnostic performance of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a large cohort of pregnant females with suspected acute appendicitis and to determine the frequency of non-appendiceal causes of abdominal pain identified by MRI in this population. ⋯ Our large study cohort of pregnant patients confirms MRI to be of high diagnostic value in the workup of acute appendicitis with 100% NPV and sensitivity and 99.5% specificity. Furthermore, an alternative diagnosis for abdominal pain in this patient population can be made in nearly half of MRI exams which are deemed negative for appendicitis.
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To evaluate split-bolus single scan CTA protocol for evaluation of acute mesenteric ischemia. ⋯ The split-bolus protocol for evaluation of mesenteric ischemia is clinically feasible with confident and accurate diagnostic ability, while reducing number of images and decreasing radiation exposure to the patient.
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To validate a free-breathing dynamic contrast-enhanced-MRI (DCE-MRI) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients using gadoxetic acid, and to determine the relationship between DCE-MRI parameters and histological results. ⋯ The DCE-MRI derived parameters demonstrated weak but significant correlations with tumor proliferation status, histological grades or microvascular density, respectively. This free-breathing DCE-MRI is technically feasible and offers a potential avenue toward non-invasive evaluation of HCC malignancy.
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Ultrasound (US) imaging is the most commonly performed cross-sectional diagnostic imaging modality in the practice of medicine. It is low-cost, non-ionizing, portable, and capable of real-time image acquisition and display. US is a rapidly evolving technology with significant challenges and opportunities. ⋯ As US devices become smaller, enhanced computational capability can contribute significantly to decreasing variability through advanced image processing. In this paper, we review leading machine learning (ML) approaches and research directions in US, with an emphasis on recent ML advances. We also present our outlook on future opportunities for ML techniques to further improve clinical workflow and US-based disease diagnosis and characterization.