The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume
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J Bone Joint Surg Am · Aug 2005
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialComparison of internal fixation with total hip replacement for displaced femoral neck fractures. Randomized, controlled trial performed at four years.
Recent randomized, controlled trials performed at two years postoperatively have shown that a primary total hip replacement is superior to internal fixation for the treatment of a displaced femoral neck fracture in a relatively healthy, mentally competent, elderly patient. The primary aim of the present study was to evaluate the outcomes at four years. ⋯ Compared with internal fixation, primary total hip replacement provides a better outcome for mentally competent elderly patients with a displaced femoral neck fracture. The complication and reoperation rates were significantly lower and hip function and health-related quality of life were at least as good at four years after the surgery.
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J Bone Joint Surg Am · Aug 2005
Cervicothoracic extension osteotomy for chin-on-chest deformity in ankylosing spondylitis.
Chin-on-chest deformity is a disabling manifestation of ankylosing spondylitis. Surgical treatment consists of extension osteotomy at the cervicothoracic junction. The purpose of this study was to characterize the clinical presentation of this deformity and to determine the long-term functional and radiographic outcomes of treatment. ⋯ Extension osteotomy can reliably improve sagittal alignment and horizontal gaze as well as decrease neck pain, eating difficulties, and neurologic abnormalities. Internal fixation is recommended to prevent subluxation, delayed union, nonunion, loss of correction, or neurologic injury. There is a risk of death or catastrophic neurologic injury from the procedure.
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J Bone Joint Surg Am · Aug 2005
Proximal femoral replacement for the treatment of periprosthetic fractures.
A periprosthetic fracture around the femoral component is a rare but potentially problematic complication after total hip arthroplasty. Reconstruction can be challenging, especially when severe bone stock deficiency is encountered. Proximal femoral replacement is one method of treating the severely deficient proximal part of the femur. The present report describes the outcomes of revision total hip arthroplasty with use of a proximal femoral replacement in a cohort of patients who had a Vancouver type-B3 periprosthetic fracture. ⋯ Despite a relatively high complication rate, we believe that proximal femoral replacement is a viable option for the treatment of periprosthetic fractures in older patients with severe bone deficiency. If a proximal femoral replacement is used, the stability of the hip must be tested diligently intraoperatively and a constrained acetabular liner should be utilized if instability is encountered. In order to enhance the bone stock, the proximal part of the femur, however poor in quality, should be retained for reapproximation onto the implant.
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J Bone Joint Surg Am · Jul 2005
Pulmonary function in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis relative to the surgical procedure.
The long-term pulmonary function of patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis undergoing surgical correction is uncertain. To our knowledge, no report has demonstrated the changes in pulmonary function five years or more following spinal arthrodesis with use of modern segmental spinal instrumentation techniques for the treatment of all types of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in a similar adolescent population. ⋯ Patients who have had any type of chest cage disruption during the surgical treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis demonstrate no change in the absolute value and a significant decline in the percent-predicted value of pulmonary functions at five years following surgery. Chest cage preservation is recommended to maximize both absolute and percent-predicted pulmonary function values after surgical treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.
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J Bone Joint Surg Am · Jul 2005
Posterolateral rotatory instability of the elbow following radial head resection.
Resection is a common procedure for the treatment of comminuted fractures of the radial head. While radial head resection is associated with a high success rate when performed for appropriate indications, a number of well-defined biomechanical complications have been reported following this procedure, including proximal migration of the radius, the development of valgus deformity, and recurrent elbow instability in the acute setting. However, posterolateral rotatory instability has not previously been recognized as a complication of radial head resection. While the absence of the radial head makes the diagnosis difficult, we have identified a series of patients with posterolateral rotatory instability following radial head resection. We believe that this instability is secondary to unrecognized lateral ulnar collateral ligament deficiency. ⋯ Clinicians should be aware that posterolateral rotatory instability may be a cause of unexplained elbow pain and instability following radial head resection. This diagnosis has implications for the prevention and treatment of this condition.