The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume
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Parkinson disease is the second most common neurodegenerative condition. The literature on patients with Parkinson disease and spine surgery is limited, but increased complications have been reported. ⋯ Despite a higher rate of complications than in the general population, the overall outcome of spine surgery in patients with mild to moderate Parkinson disease is good, with improvement of spine-related pain. A larger prospective study is warranted.
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J Bone Joint Surg Am · Oct 2015
Defining the "Three-Dimensional Sagittal Plane" in Thoracic Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis.
Obtaining accurate measurements of scoliosis from two-dimensional (2-D) radiographs can be challenging because of the three-dimensional (3-D) nature of the deformity. Previous studies have shown that the sagittal plane, in particular, is misrepresented on 2-D radiographs because of the influence of axial plane rotation. The purpose of the current study was to define a methodology for measuring the 3-D segmental sagittal alignment of the spine in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and to assess the effect of axial plane rotation on differences between 3-D and 2-D measures of deformity. ⋯ Routine 2-D measurements of thoracic kyphosis erroneously underestimate the preoperative loss of kyphosis in AIS because of errors associated with axial plane rotation, an inherent component of thoracic scoliosis.
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J Bone Joint Surg Am · Oct 2015
25-Hydroxyvitamin-D and Bone Turnover Marker Levels in Patients with Distal Radial Fracture.
Fragility fractures are a major public health issue with substantial socioeconomic cost. Vitamin-D deficiency and increased bone turnover are associated with higher rates of bone loss and an increased risk of fracture. We hypothesized that patients with a distal radial fracture would have lower levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and increased levels of serum bone turnover markers than controls without a fracture. ⋯ In this cohort, 25(OH)D levels were not associated with distal radial fracture and do not appear to affect the risk assessment for distal radial fracture in postmenopausal women. Patients with a distal radial fracture, however, had increased bone turnover as evidenced by high P1NP and osteocalcin levels. Women with both a high P1NP level and low bone mineral density were at particularly high risk for fracture.
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J Bone Joint Surg Am · Oct 2015
Extensor Mechanism Injuries of the Knee: Demographic Characteristics and Comorbidities from a Review of 726 Patient Records.
The purpose of our study was to describe and compare extensor mechanism injuries with regard to age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and comorbidities. ⋯ Surgeons treating female patients with a tendinous extensor mechanism disruption should have a low threshold to initiate a medical work-up in search of a possible undiagnosed medical comorbidity.
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J Bone Joint Surg Am · Sep 2015
Tibial Plateau Fracture Characteristics: Computed Tomography Mapping of Lateral, Medial, and Bicondylar Fractures.
Computed tomography (CT) is seen as a useful diagnostic modality in preoperative planning for tibial plateau fractures. The purpose of this study was to characterize patterns of tibial plateau fractures with use of CT mapping. We hypothesized that CT mapping of fractures of the tibial plateau would reveal recurrent patterns of fragments and fracture lines, including patterns that do not fit into Schatzker's original classification. ⋯ Tibial plateau fracture maps show recurrent patterns of fracture lines, revealing four major fracture characteristics. An understanding of these recurrent features of tibial plateau fractures can aid surgeons during diagnosis, preoperative planning, and execution of surgical strategies.