Acta neurochirurgica
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Acta neurochirurgica · Jan 1996
Cerebral lactate production in relation to intracranial pressure, cranial computed tomography findings, and outcome in patients with severe head injury.
Severe head injury is frequently associated with focal or global disturbances of cerebral blood flow and metabolism. Routine monitoring of intracranial pressure (ICP) and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) in these patients does not provide information about critically reduced local or global cerebral blood flow. Measurements of cerebral lactate difference, Lactate-Oxygen-Index (LOI) and cerebral oxygen extraction were evaluated for advanced monitoring by comparing these parameters with ICP, cranial computed tomography (CCT) findings, and outcome in a group of severely head-injured patients. ⋯ In conclusion, the severity of brain trauma and outcome of patients was reflected by increased cerebral lactate production. Unchanged values of global cerebral oxygen extraction suggest that the regulatory mechanisms of brain oxygen supply were not impaired by trauma. Measurements of cerebral lactate differences and brain oxygen extraction may contribute to advanced monitoring in severe head injury.
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The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of hyperventilation and indomethacin on cerebral circulation, metabolism and pressures in patients with acute severe head injury in order to see if indomethacin may act supplementary to hyperventilation. Fourteen severely head injured patients entered the study. Intracranial pressure (ICP), mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) were monitored continuously. ⋯ No correlation between relative reactivities to indomethacin and CO(2), evaluated from changes in CBF and AVdO(2), or between the decrease in ICP after the two procedures were found. Thus, some patients reacted to indomethacin but not to hyperventilation, and vice versa. These results suggest that indomethacin and hyperventilation might act independently, or in a complementary fashion in the treatment of patients with severe head injury.
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Acta neurochirurgica · Jan 1995
Perimesencephalic and nonperimesencephalic subarachnoid haemorrhages with negative angiograms.
van Gijn and co-workers identified "Perimesencephalic haemorrhage" (PM) as distinct, benign, non-aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage. However, there is only one retrospective series of this entity outside the Netherlands. ⋯ This study confirms that perimesencephalic haemorrhage is a distinct entity within the larger group of subarachnoid haemorrhage with negative angiograms, with a good short term and long-term prognosis, and no need for repeated angiographic investigation.
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Acta neurochirurgica · Jan 1995
Case ReportsAcute subdural haematoma from ruptured intracranial aneurysms.
Acute subdural haematoma (SDH) secondary to a ruptured intracranial aneurysm is a rare event. Out of a total of 292 patients with a verified aneurysm (period 1986-1992) in five cases SDH was the diagnosis on CT-evaluation. ⋯ The remaining four patients were operated on: craniotomy and haematoma evacuation in two cases, craniotomy for haematoma evacuation and aneurysm clipping in the other two cases. Two patients died and two achieved a good outcome.