Revista espanola de salud publica
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Rev Esp Salud Publica · Jul 2010
[Spanish translation and validation of the nursing dental coping beliefs scale].
Caregivers of disable and dependent people, institutionalized elderly and hospitalized, must provided oral health care for the patients under their care, for that reason, it is necessary to have a valid instrument in Spanish to measure oral health beliefs among caregivers. The aim of the study was to translate to Spanish the Nursing Dental Coping Beliefs Scale (Nursing DCBS) and validate this questionnaire to be used on Hispanic caregivers. ⋯ The Spanish version of the nursing Dental Coping Beliefs Scale is a questionnaire that has an internal consistency to be used as an instrument to measure oral health beliefs among caregivers, however, future investigations must re-evaluate there psychometric characteristics, specially its stability as an instrument.
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Rev Esp Salud Publica · Nov 2006
[Spain's process of passing effective smoking prevention legislation].
The prevention movement has been the key agent involved in smoking control policies. This study describes the context and the process in which Law 28/2005 was passed in Spain with a synthesis of its substance. ⋯ A review is also provided of the political agents, highlighting that decentralized countries have further problems in enforcing regulations. This case offers lessons for the future.
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Rev Esp Salud Publica · Sep 2006
Comparative Study Historical Article[More than thirty years of illicit drugs in Spain: a bitter story with some messages for the future].
The phenomenon of illicit drug use in Spain during the last thirty years has been marked by the extremely serious consequences of heroin use (mainly injecting). More than 300,000 persons were treated for heroin dependence, 20,000-25,000 died from overdose, 100,000 became infected with HIV through drug injection and quite more with hepatitis virus. Some of these consequences can be attributed to the delay in the implementation of effective interventions, such as methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). ⋯ Nowadays there are more than 100,000 weekly cocaine users, 25.000 persons are annually treated from cocaine abuse or dependence, and cocaine has an important impact on medical emergency services, while its impact on mortality is unknown. Both cannabis use and related problems are increasing too (there are half a million of daily users). We propose to maintain and to strengthen harm reduction programs (MMT, syringe exchange, save-use and injection rooms, hepatitis A and B vaccination, etc.), to urgently develop specific strategies targeted to reduce overdose mortality and cocaine related problems, and to re-evaluate the effectiveness of preventive and supply control strategies.
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Rev Esp Salud Publica · Sep 2006
Historical Article[The "Instituto de Salud Carlos III" and the public health in Spain. Origin of laboratory medicine and of the central laboratories and research in public health].
The "Instituto de Salud Carlos III" is the Central Public Health Laboratory in Spain with an important component of scientific research in health related areas, such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, infectious diseases and environmental health. The article describes the development of the Public Health Institutes. arising from the introduction and development of scientific and laboratory based medicine and the introduction of vaccination and sanitation with the control of water and food. At about the same time, the discoveries in microbiology and immunology were produced, being the research activities incardinated with the practical advances in the control of products. ⋯ At the same time. colonization of countries specially in Africa, South East Asia and explorations in Central America confront the Europeans with new diseases and the need of laboratories where to study them. These circumstances gave rise to the birth of the Central Public Health Laboratories and the National institutes of Health at the beginning of the XX century in many countries. In Spain, the Spanish Civil War was a breaking point in the development of such an institution that finally was reinvented with the creation of the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, in 1986, incorporating research and epidemiological surveillance and control of diseases and also the responsibilities of the Food and Drug Control, lately separated from it.
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Rev Esp Salud Publica · Jul 2005
Comparative Study[Comparison of the SCORE and REGICOR models for calculating cardiovascular risk in cardiovascular disease-free individuals at a healthcare center in Barcelona, Spain].
No studies have been published to date comparing SCORE, REGICOR and Framingham models. This study is aimed at analyzing how the REGICOR and SCORE functions classify cardiovascular risk, their correlation and concordance with Framingham (1998) and whether any differences exist among them with regard to the cardiovascular risk factors in high-risk groups. ⋯ REGICOR showed a good correlation with Framingham. With the > or = 10% cutoff point, it classifies a number of individuals as high-risk similar to SCORE and fewer than Framingham. The SCORE model would treat a number of patients similar to the REGICOR > or =10% model with hypolipemiant drugs, however showing lesser evidence of effectiveness of the treatment.