Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine
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To determine whether there are racial/ethnic differences in the prevalence of pediatric snoring and sleep disordered breathing (SDB). ⋯ Black race and prematurity are independent predictors of snoring. The degree of parental knowledge regarding SDB was not associated with seeking medical treatment.
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Literature regarding platelet function in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has considerable limitations. Given the central role of platelets in atherothrombosis and the known cardiovascular risk of OSA, we hypothesized that OSA severity is predictive of platelet function, independent of known comorbidities. ⋯ In obese patients with OSA, platelet activation is associated with greater levels of oxygen desaturation, compared with matched control subjects. Metrics other than AHI (e.g., hypoxemia) may determine OSA-related thrombotic risk.
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Case Reports
Biot's breathing in a woman with fatal familial insomnia: is there a role for noninvasive ventilation?
We present the case of a 48-year-old woman suffering from fatal familial insomnia (FFI)--a rare prion disease--who developed Biot's breathing and secondary respiratory failure during the early stages of the illness. Once hypercapnia was detected a trial of nocturnal noninvasive ventilation (NIV) was offered with important improvement of arterial blood gases (ABG), and subjective good quality of sleep. To our knowledge, this is the first report in the medical literature of the use of NIV in the management approach of this devastating disease. Its impact on the prognosis and survival of these patients, however, is yet to be elucidated.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
A multi-component cognitive-behavioral intervention for sleep disturbance in veterans with PTSD: a pilot study.
A significant portion of US military personnel are returning from deployment with trauma-related sleep disturbance, and disrupted sleep has been proposed as a mechanism for the development of medical conditions in those with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Although individuals with PTSD may realize improved sleep with either PTSD treatment or CBT for insomnia, many continue to experience residual sleep difficulties. Newly developed interventions designed to address nightmares are effective to this end, but often do not fully remove all aspects of PTSD-related sleep difficulties when used in isolation. A combined intervention involving both a nightmare-specific intervention and CBT for insomnia may lead to more marked reductions in PTSD-related sleep disturbances. ⋯ Findings demonstrate that an intervention targeting trauma-specific sleep disturbance produces large short-term effects, including substantial reductions in PTSD symptoms and insomnia severity. Future research should focus on the optimal approach to the treatment of comorbid PTSD and sleep disturbance in terms of sequencing, and should assure that sleep-focused interventions are available and acceptable to our younger veterans, who were more likely to drop out of treatment.
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Comparative Study
Emotional content of dreams in obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome patients and sleepy snorers attending a sleep-disordered breathing clinic.
To assess prospectively the emotional content of dreams in individuals with the obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and sleepy snorers. ⋯ Patients with AHI ≥ 15 had more emotionally negative dreams than patients with AHI < 5. The variation in mean dream emotion decreased with increasing AHI, possibly because sleep fragmentation with increasing AHI results in fewer and shorter dreams, in which emotions are rarer.