International journal of environmental research and public health
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Int J Environ Res Public Health · Jul 2019
Adolescents' Psychological Consequences and Cyber Victimization: The Moderation of School-Belongingness and Ethnicity.
Cyber victimization research reveals various personal and contextual correlations and negative consequences associated with this experience. Despite increasing attention on cyber victimization, few studies have examined such experiences among ethnic minority adolescents. The purpose of the present study was to examine the moderating effect of ethnicity in the longitudinal associations among cyber victimization, school-belongingness, and psychological consequences (i.e., depression, loneliness, anxiety). ⋯ The positive association between cyber victimization and Time 2 loneliness was strengthened for low levels of school-belongingness for all adolescents. These findings may indicate that cyber victimization threatens adolescents' school-belongingness, which has implications for their emotional adjustment. Such findings underscore the importance of considering diverse populations when examining cyber victimization.
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Int J Environ Res Public Health · Jul 2019
Review Historical ArticleRace and 1918 Influenza Pandemic in the United States: A Review of the Literature.
During epidemics, the poorest part of the population usually suffers the most. Alfred Crosby noted that the norm changed during the 1918 influenza pandemic in the US: The black population (which were expected to have higher influenza morbidity and mortality) had lower morbidity and mortality than the white population during the autumn of 1918. Crosby's explanation for this was that black people were more exposed to a mild spring/summer wave of influenza earlier that same year. ⋯ The results also show that the black population had lower influenza morbidity prior to 1918. The reasons for lower morbidity among the black population both at baseline and during the herald and later waves in 1918 remain unclear. Results may imply that black people had a lower risk of developing the disease given exposure, but when they did get sick, they had a higher risk of dying.
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Int J Environ Res Public Health · Jul 2019
How Does Internal and External CSR Affect Employees' Work Engagement? Exploring Multiple Mediation Mechanisms and Boundary Conditions.
We investigate the different mechanisms concerning how employees' perceptions of external and internal corporate social responsibility (CSR) serve to influence employees' work engagement. By combining social exchange theory and social identity theory, we implement and examine an integrated moderated mediation framework in which employees' value orientations (e.g., collectivism or individualism) impact the mediating mechanism between their perceived external and internal CSR, organizational pride and perceived organizational support (POS), and work engagement. This work fills a research gap to examine the indirect relationship between employees' perceptions of external and internal CSR and work engagement. ⋯ Moreover, employees' perceptions of internal CSR positively influence work engagement via POS. The value of individualism strengthens the direct effect of employees' perceptions of internal CSR on work engagement, and the indirect effect of employees' perceptions of internal CSR on work engagement via POS. The results contribute to both theory and practice.
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Int J Environ Res Public Health · Jul 2019
The Association between Frailty and Disability among the Elderly in Rural Areas of Korea.
The rapid increase in the elderly population in Korea is associated with an expanded burden of health problems. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between frailty and physical disability among Koreans using the frailty index, which was developed to assess health conditions in elderly people. ⋯ The study results show an association between frailty and disability among elderly people in rural areas. Therefore, prevention should occur at the pre-frailty stage of a person's life to prevent further disability. Also, disability welfare programs should be provided to elderly people who present with frailty.
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Int J Environ Res Public Health · Jul 2019
Dropout from Court-Mandated Intervention Programs for Intimate Partner Violence Offenders: The Relevance of Alcohol Misuse and Cognitive Impairments.
There is considerable interest in offering insight into the mechanisms that might explain why certain perpetrators of intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) drop out of interventions. Although several socio-demographic variables and attitudes towards IPVAW have been proposed as risk factors for IPVAW perpetrators' dropout, less attention has been paid to alcohol misuse, and its interactions with empathic and cognitive deficits, in the discontinuation of the treatment. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to compare the profile of a carefully selected sample of IPVAW perpetrators, divided into four groups: those who completed the intervention with low (n = 267) and high alcohol consumption (n = 67); and those who dropped out before the intervention ended with low (n = 62).and high alcohol consumption (n = 27). ⋯ Furthermore, the first group also presented the highest risk (assessed by therapists) and official recidivism rate (official records). Conversely, the lowest rate of IPVAW reoffending was presented by IPVAW treatment completers with low alcohol consumption. Hence, our study identifies different targets that should be addressed during the initial stages of interventions in order to prevent or reduce IPVAW dropout, which in turn might reduce violence recidivism in the long term through their effects on emotional information processing and behavioural regulation.