International journal of environmental research and public health
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Int J Environ Res Public Health · Apr 2020
ReviewCoronavirus Diseases (COVID-19) Current Status and Future Perspectives: A Narrative Review.
At the end of 2019 a novel virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), causing severe acute respiratory syndrome expanded globally from Wuhan, China. In March 2020 the World Health Organization declared the SARS-Cov-2 virus a global pandemic. ⋯ Although only when the pandemic ends it will be possible to assess the full health, social and economic impact of this global disaster, this review represents a picture of the current state of the art. In particular, we focus on public health impact, pathophysiology and clinical manifestations, diagnosis, case management, emergency response and preparedness.
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Int J Environ Res Public Health · Apr 2020
EditorialSubstance Abuse and Public Health: A Multilevel Perspective and Multiple Responses.
Substance abuse has been a thorny public health concern throughout human history. Manifestly, prevention and treatment are the two main strategies commonly adopted to tackle the problem of substance abuse. ⋯ This special issue, "Substance Abuse, Environment and Public Health," has published empirical studies from different regions and countries globally to enhance the international exchange of latest views and findings on the etiology, processes and influences of substance abuse across different domains, through which a multilevel perspective is considered more helpful for analyzing its complex nature, courses and consequences. This in turn suggests the possible need to employ multiple responses dynamically and integratively in the prevention and treatment of substance abuse.
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Int J Environ Res Public Health · Apr 2020
ReviewPersistent Post-Traumatic Headache and Migraine: Pre-Clinical Comparisons.
Background: Oftentimes, persistent post traumatic headache (PPTH) and migraine are phenotypically similar and the only clinical feature that differentiate them is the presence of a mild or moderate traumatic brain injury (mTBI). The aim of this study is to describe the differences in brain area and in biochemical cascade after concussion and to define the efficacy and safety of treatments in use. Methods: Sources were chosen in according to the International Classification of Headache Disorder (ICHD) criteria. ⋯ Many studies described a cascade of neuro-metabolic changes that occur after traumatic brain injury. These variations are associated to the mechanism occurring when developing a PPTH. Conclusions: The state of art of this important topic show how although the mechanisms underlying the development of the two different diseases are different, the treatment of common migraine is efficacious in patients that have developed a post traumatic form.
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Int J Environ Res Public Health · Apr 2020
Leader Humility, and Subordinates' Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Withdrawal Behavior: Exploring the Mediating Mechanisms of Subordinates' Psychological Capital.
As a bottom-up leadership style, leader humility has received considerable attention from researchers. Among the abundant studies revealing the positive impact of leader humility on employees' work attitude and behaviors, there is less knowledge on how leader humility influences subordinates' organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and withdrawal behavior. ⋯ Using a two-wave panel design and 274 employees' questionnaire data, the empirical analysis found that: (1) leader humility was positively related to subordinates' OCB and negatively related to subordinates' withdrawal behavior; (2) leader humility was positively related to subordinates' psychological capital; and (3) psychological capital played a cross-level mediating role in the leader humility-subordinates' OCB relationship and the leader humility-subordinates' withdrawal behavior relationship. Theoretical and practical implications, limitations, and suggestions for future research are also discussed.
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Int J Environ Res Public Health · Apr 2020
Increased Risk of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and It's Comorbidities in Women with Autoimmune Thyroid Disease.
To investigate the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and its comorbidities in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). ⋯ The risks of PCOS and its comorbidities such as diabetes, dyslipidemia and cardiac artery disease are high in patients with AITD in Taiwan.