Clinical toxicology : the official journal of the American Academy of Clinical Toxicology and European Association of Poisons Centres and Clinical Toxicologists
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Clin Toxicol (Phila) · Jan 2006
Case ReportsHyperosmolality: another indication for hemodialysis following acute ethylene glycol poisoning.
When given early, fomepizole has demonstrated an effective role in the treatment of ethylene glycol (EG) intoxication, often eliminating the need for hemodialysis (HD). Many indications for HD have been suggested for EG intoxication. ⋯ Despite early treatment with fomepizole and without the development of acidosis or renal insufficiency, the patient required HD for hyperosmolality and subsequent electrolyte imbalances. Indications for HD following EG intoxication are discussed.
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Clin Toxicol (Phila) · Jan 2006
Case ReportsClinical course and toxicokinetic data following isolated citalopram overdose in an infant.
Despite the frequency of use of citalopram, its clinical effects and pharmacokinetics in overdose in the pediatric patient are not well described. We describe the clinical course and drug levels following the ingestion of citalopram by a 10-month-old female. ⋯ We report a case of citalopram poisoning in a 10-month-old infant with refractory seizures, and an absence of cardiovascular events with subsequent excellent outcome. The elimination of the parent drug corresponds to an approximate t1/2 of 15-20 h in this single case.
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Clin Toxicol (Phila) · Jan 2006
Analysis of 8000 hospital admissions for acute poisoning in a rural area of Sri Lanka.
Acute poisoning, especially deliberate self-poisoning with agricultural pesticides, is an emerging global public health problem, but reliable incidence estimates are lacking. Only a few previous studies have assessed the impact of regulatory or other preventive measures. ⋯ Regulatory control of highly toxic pesticides provides important health benefits, especially in terms of lower number of deaths from self-poisoning. However, despite the positive effect of these bans, many deaths from pesticide self-poisoning still occur after ingestion of agricultural pesticides classified as only moderately poisonous.
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Clin Toxicol (Phila) · Jan 2006
Evaluation of several clinical scoring tools in organophosphate poisoned patients.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II, III and Simplified Acute Physiology Score II (SAPS II) as predictors of severity of organophosphate poisoning (OPP). ⋯ The APACHE II, III and SAPS II clinical scoring tools seem to predict the severity of organophosphate poisoning, and may have prognostic value.
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Clin Toxicol (Phila) · Jan 2006
Comparative StudyEfficacy of hydroxocobalamin for the treatment of acute cyanide poisoning in adult beagle dogs.
The efficacy of hydroxocobalamin for acute cyanide poisoning was compared with that of saline vehicle in dogs. ⋯ Hydroxocobalamin reversed cyanide toxicity and reduced mortality in a canine model.