Clinical toxicology : the official journal of the American Academy of Clinical Toxicology and European Association of Poisons Centres and Clinical Toxicologists
-
Clin Toxicol (Phila) · Nov 2013
Comparative StudyCarbon monoxide exposures in New York City following Hurricane Sandy in 2012.
On October 29, 2012, Hurricane Sandy made landfall and devastated New York's metropolitan area, causing widespread damage to homes and the utility infrastructure. Eight days later, snow and freezing temperatures from a nor'easter storm delayed utility restoration. ⋯ CO exposures following weather-related disasters are a significant public health concern, and the use of fuel-burning equipment is a clear source of storm-related morbidity and mortality. Multiple real-time epidemiologic surveillance tools are useful in estimating the prevalence of CO exposure and poisoning and are necessary to assist public health efforts to prevent CO poisoning during and after disasters.
-
Clin Toxicol (Phila) · Nov 2013
Observational StudyIncidence, predictors, and outcome of intermediate syndrome in cholinergic insecticide poisoning: a prospective observational cohort study.
Clinical manifestations and outcome of cholinergic insecticide poisoning is well studied. There are limited data on neuroparalytic features, predictors, and impact on mortality of intermediate syndrome. ⋯ As with exposure to organophosphorus, carbamate also result in intermediate syndrome; risk may be high with age ≥ 45, admission score of PSS > 2, and GCS ≤ 10. It can be detected early by identifying neck muscle weakness which aids in anticipating respiratory failure. Multiple gastric lavages may be protective; needs larger studies for clarification.
-
Clin Toxicol (Phila) · Sep 2013
Drug-induced seizures in children and adolescents presenting for emergency care: current and emerging trends.
Seizures may be the presenting manifestation of acute poisoning in children. Knowledge of the etiologic agent, or likely drug-class exposure, is crucial to minimize morbidity and optimize care. ⋯ Antidepressants, and specifically bupropion, are presently the most common medications responsible for pediatric drug-induced seizures requiring medical toxicology consultation in the United States. In teenagers presenting with new-onset seizures of unknown etiology, the possibility of deliberate self-poisoning should be explored, since most drug-induced seizures in this age group resulted from intentional ingestion.
-
Clin Toxicol (Phila) · Sep 2013
Controlled Clinical TrialEffect of intravenous lipid emulsion in patients with acute glyphosate intoxication.
Although glyphosate intoxication has been considered minimally toxic in animals, severe toxicity has been observed in humans due to surfactant. We aimed to examine the potential therapeutic effects of intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) on the patients with acute glyphosate intoxication. ⋯ ILE administration was associated with lower incidence of hypotension and arrhythmia in patients with acute glyphosate intoxication. ILE administration seems to be an effective treatment modality in patients who ingested sufficient amount of glyphosate herbicide that is expected to bring about significant toxicity.
-
Clin Toxicol (Phila) · Sep 2013
Comparative StudyMethadone toxicity: comparing tablet and syrup formulations during a decade in an academic poison center of Iran.
Due to an increase in the number of methadone maintenance clinics in the past decade in Iran, acute methadone overdose has become one of the common poisonings in our society. ⋯ In order to reduce the rate of poisoning, we recommend the use of child-resistant containers for dispensing syrup, reduction in methadone concentration, adding a coloring agent, special flavor, and education of patients on the safe storage of methadone in their home in order to reduce the occurrence of accidental poisonings.