Clinics
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Approximately 1% of all men in the general population suffer from azoospermia, and azoospermic men constitute approximately 10 to 15% of all infertile men. Thus, this group of patients represents a significant population in the field of male infertility. ⋯ Men with nonobstructive azoospermia should be offered genetic counseling before their spermatozoa are used for assisted reproductive techniques. This article provides a contemporary review of the evaluation of the azoospermic male.
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
Giant cell arteritis: a multicenter observational study in Brazil.
To describe demographic features, disease manifestations and therapy in patients with giant cell arteritis from referral centers in Brazil. ⋯ Most of the clinical features of Brazilian giant cell arteritis patients were similar to those found in other studies, except for the high prevalence of neuro-ophthalmic manifestations and permanent blindness in the Brazilian patients. Aspirin had a protective effect on relapses.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Oral glucose for pain relief during examination for retinopathy of prematurity: a masked randomized clinical trial.
Ophthalmologic examination for retinopathy of prematurity is a painful procedure. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions have been proposed to reduce pain during eye examinations. This study aims to evaluate the analgesic effect of 25% glucose using a validated pain scale during the first eye examination for retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants with birth weight <1,500 g and/or gestational age <32 weeks. ⋯ One ml of oral 25% glucose solution given 2 minutes before an ophthalmologic examination for retinopathy of prematurity was an effective measure for pain relief.
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Endoscopic submucosal dissection is a technique developed in Japan for en bloc resection with a lower rate of recurrence. It is considered technically difficult and performed only in specialized centers. This study sought to report the initial experience from the Gastrocentro--Campinas State University for the treatment of gastric and colorectal lesions by endoscopic submucosal dissection. ⋯ Endoscopic submucosal dissection at our institution achieved high success rates, with few complications in preliminary procedures. The procedure also made appropriate lesion staging possible.
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Variations in the prevalence of sex-hormone-related diseases have been observed between Asian ethnic groups living in the same country; however, available data concerning their sex hormone levels are limited. The present study aimed to determine the influence of ethnicity and age on the sex hormone levels of Malay and Chinese men in Malaysia. ⋯ Small but significant differences in testosterone levels existed between Malay and Chinese males. Significant age and race differences existed in estradiol levels. These differences might contribute to the ethnic group differences in diseases related to sex hormones, which other studies have found in Malaysia.