International journal of obesity : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity
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To investigate whether the intestinal microbiota composition in early infancy is associated with subsequent weight development in children. ⋯ Using a targeted approach, we conclude that the intestinal microbiota, particularly the B. fragilis group, is associated with childhood weight development. To identify the potential impact of additional bacterial taxa, further prospective studies applying an unconstrained in-depth characterization of the microbiota are needed.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Weight loss maintenance in overweight subjects on ad libitum diets with high or low protein content and glycemic index: the DIOGENES trial 12-month results.
A high dietary protein (P) content and low glycemic index (LGI) have been suggested to be beneficial for weight management, but long-term studies are scarce. ⋯ A higher protein content of an ad libitum diet improves weight loss maintenance in overweight and obese adults over 12 months.
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Circulating selenoprotein P (SeP), fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 21 and FGF23 have been associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adults but not in children. We sought to evaluate the association among SeP, FGF21, FGF23 and MetS in young children. ⋯ Elevated SeP concentrations are independently associated with a reduced risk of MetS in children. The associations between FGF21, FGF23 and metabolic parameters are not of comparable significance.
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The metabolic equivalent (MET) is a construct that is commonly used to quantify physical activity as well as exercise performance. 'One MET' is equal to a resting oxygen uptake of 3.5 ml O2 kg(-1) min(-)(1). However, this assumption is unlikely valid in obese subjects. The aim of our study was to quantify the difference between calculated and measured METs in overweight to severely obese subjects and to provide body mass index (BMI)-specific MET correction factors. ⋯ Data indicate that the commonly used 1-MET value of 3.5 ml O2 kg(-)(1) min(-)(1) largely overestimates values in overweight to severely obese subjects. Our correction factors can help to reduce this systematic error and thus appear to be valuable for clinical practice as well as research studies.
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To assess how outcomes associated with participation in a family-based weight management intervention (MEND 7-13, Mind, Exercise, Nutrition..Do it!) for childhood overweight or obesity implemented at scale in the community vary by child, family, neighbourhood and MEND programme characteristics. ⋯ The MEND intervention, when delivered at scale, is associated with improved BMI and psychosocial outcomes on average, but may work less well for some groups of children, and so has the potential to widen inequalities in these outcomes. Such public health interventions should be implemented to achieve sustained impact for all groups.