Future oncology
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To perform a systematic review of the relevant literature about clinical trials on efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibition, whether it is used alone, in combination or with other targeted therapies in patients with advanced and metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC), two team members reviewed the abstracts and selected pertinent articles from the relevant databases. A narrative review of randomized controlled trials was performed and seven randomized controlled trials were identified in this systematic review. In treatment of RCC, nivolumab has superior efficacy and safety compared with second-line everolimus. Combination strategies, especially those combined with anti-VEGF agents presents better efficacy but worse outcomes in term of safety than monotherapy and conventional treatment and might guide treatment choice for patients with RCC.
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Nivolumab is a PD-1 inhibitor approved for the use in treatment of multiple tumor types (such as melanoma, non-small-cell lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma, urothelial cancer and Hodgkin's lymphoma). In July 2017, the US FDA granted accelerated approval of this agent for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer patients whose tumor harbors deficient mismatch repair, or microsatellite-instability high and have progressed on conventional chemotherapy. In this review, we will discuss the use, efficacy, and safety of this agent in microsatellite-instability high metastatic colorectal cancer.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The brigatinib experience: a new generation of therapy for ALK-positive non-small-cell lung cancer.
Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer deaths in the world with 1.69 million deaths in 2015. A total of 85% of lung cancer cases are non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). ⋯ Brigatinib, a next-generation ALK inhibitor, shows promising activity in ALK-rearranged NSCLC that have previously received crizotinib with response rates in ALTA ranging from 42-50%, intracranial response 42-67% and median progression-free survival 9.2-12.9 months. Randomized Phase III trial, ALTA-1 L is investigating brigatinib in ALK inhibitor-naive patients.
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The 40th annual San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium was convened in San Antonio, TX, USA on 5-9 December 2017. More than 7500 clinicians and scientists from around the world participated in the symposium which featured a range of presentations and keynote talks pertaining to breast cancer screening, prevention, loco-regional and systemic therapies. This two-part report highlights a selection of important studies presented at this premier breast cancer event with part 1 focusing on dose-intense radiotherapy, perioperative endocrine therapy, duration of bisphosphonates, immunotherapy, ovarian function suppression and acupuncture. The second part of this report will discuss a range of topics related to de-escalation of loco-regional therapies, the significance of complete pathological response, older patients and CDK 4/6 inhibitors, circulating tumor cells and plasma DNA as a tumor marker.
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The 40th annual San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium was convened in San Antonio, TX, USA on 5-9 December 2017. More than 7500 clinicians and scientists from around the world participated in the symposium which featured a range of presentations and keynote talks pertaining to breast cancer screening, prevention, loco-regional and systemic therapies. This two-part report highlights a selection of important studies presented at this premier breast cancer event with part 1 focusing on dose-intense radiotherapy, perioperative endocrine therapy, duration of bisphosphonates, immunotherapy, ovarian function suppression and acupuncture. The second part of this report will discuss a range of topics related to de-escalation of loco-regional therapies, the significance of complete pathological response, older patients and CDK 4/6 inhibitors, circulating tumor cells and plasma DNA as a tumor marker.