Breastfeeding medicine : the official journal of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine
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Despite a mother's intention to breastfeed, there are many barriers to feeding preterm infants that decrease breastfeeding rates. ⋯ Maternal age and method of first oral feed are critical predictors of breastfeeding success in preterm infants. Mothers should be encouraged to breastfeed at the infant's first oral attempt and strategic breastfeeding support should be provided before initiation of oral feeding.
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Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a costly gastrointestinal disorder that mainly affects preterm and low-birth-weight infants and can lead to considerable morbidity and mortality. Mother's own milk is protective against NEC but is not always available. In such cases, donor human milk has also been shown to be protective (although to a lesser extent) compared with formula milk, but it is more expensive. This systematic review aimed at evaluating the cost of donor milk, the cost of treating NEC, and the cost-effectiveness of exclusive donor milk versus formula milk feeding to reduce the short-term health and treatment costs of NEC. ⋯ It is likely that donor milk provides short-term cost savings by reducing the incidence of NEC. Future studies should provide more details on cost components included and a full economic evaluation, including long-term outcomes, should be undertaken.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of Having Preterm Infants Smell Amniotic Fluid, Mother's Milk, and Mother's Odor During Heel Stick Procedure on Pain, Physiological Parameters, and Crying Duration.
The study aims to assess effects of having preterm infants smell amniotic fluid, mother's milk, and mother's odor during heel stick procedure on pain, physiological parameters, and crying duration. ⋯ Amniotic fluid, mother's milk, and mother's odor were not effective in preterm infants during painful procedures.
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In the United States, a high percentage of pregnant women gain weight outside of the current Institute of Medicine's (IOM) gestational weight gain (GWG) recommendations. There is limited research examining the relationship between GWG and onset of lactation. Delayed onset of lactation (DOL) can negatively affect breastfeeding outcomes. ⋯ With the increasing rates of excessive GWG, it is critical to identify populations at increased risk of DOL and provide targeted breastfeeding support, especially in the early postpartum period.
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Observational Study
The Influence of Maternal Personality and Risk Factors for Impaired Mother-Infant Bonding on Breastfeeding Duration.
Throughout the world, in delivery departments having the accreditation "Baby-Friendly Hospital," breastfeeding is encouraged upon delivery. Numerous studies have been carried out to assess the relationship between breastfeeding and socioeconomic, psychosocial, and perinatal factors. ⋯ It is important to conduct further studies to explore whether the early identification of at-risk mothers, and the availability of psychological support in the immediate postpartum period, would allow them to benefit from these interventions and, thus, address breastfeeding duration.