Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Comparing the Workload Perceptions of Identifying Patient Condition and Priorities of Care Among Burn Providers in Three Burn ICUs.
Multidisciplinary rounds (MDRs) in the burn intensive care unit serve as an efficient means for clinicians to assess patient status and establish patient care priorities. Both tasks require significant cognitive work, the magnitude of which is relevant because increased cognitive work of task completion has been associated with increased error rates. We sought to quantify this workload during MDR using the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX). ⋯ Perceived cognitive work varied by clinician type and experience level when completing two key tasks. Less experience was associated with increased perceived work, potentially increasing mental error rates, and increasing risk to patients. Creating tools or work processes to reduce cognitive work may improve clinician performance.
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Multicenter Study
Pediatric Contractures in Burn Injury: A Burn Model System National Database Study.
Joint contractures are a major cause of morbidity and functional deficit. The incidence of postburn contractures and their associated risk factors in the pediatric population has not yet been reported. This study examines the incidence and severity of contractures in a large, multicenter, pediatric burn population. ⋯ This is the first study to report the epidemiology of postburn contractures in the pediatric population. Approximately one quarter of children with a major burn injury developed a contracture at hospital discharge, and this could potentially increase as the child grows. Contractures develop despite early therapeutic interventions such as positioning and splinting; therefore, it is essential that we identify novel and more effective prevention strategies.
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Multicenter Study
Psychometric Properties of the Modified 5-D Itch Scale in a Burn Model System Sample of People With Burn Injury.
The aim of this study is to evaluate the psychometric properties of the 4-dimension (4-D) itch scale, a modified version of the 5-dimension itch scale, in a sample of individuals with severe burn injury and/or burn injuries to hands, face, and/or feet. Four of the five domains of the 5-dimension itch scale (4-D) were administered to individuals who reported itching (N = 173) in the Burn Injury Model System Centers Program longitudinal study at either 5 or 10 years after injury. Analyses of the scale included evaluation of dimensionality, internal consistency, associations with other symptoms or quality of life measures, and an examination of floor and ceiling effects. ⋯ One item had a corrected item-total score correlation of less than 0.40. Associations between the 4-D and other measures were in the expected direction and magnitude. A negligible number of participants (no more than two) selected the lowest category for all items (ie, minimal floor effect) or the highest category for all items (ie, minimal ceiling effect). 4-D had acceptable psychometric properties in a sample of adult burn injury survivors; however, the scale could be improved by removing the item with a low correlation with the total score.
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Burn injury to the face can lead to scarring and contractures that may impair oral competence for articulation, feeding, airway intubation access, oral/dental hygiene, aesthetics, and facial expression. Although a range of therapy interventions has been discussed for preventing contracture formation, there is minimal information on current practice patterns. This research examined patterns of clinical practice for orofacial burns management during a 4-year period to determine the nature and extent of clinical consistency in current care. ⋯ Furthermore, in 2014, there was an increased use of assessment tools and clinical indicators to guide patient treatment. Agreement regarding clinical practice pathways for orofacial contracture rehabilitation is still emerging, and treatment continues to be predominantly guided by clinical experience. There is an urgent need for treatment efficacy research utilizing validated outcome measure tools to inform clinical consensus and practice guidelines.
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Changes in U. S. fireworks laws have allowed younger children to purchase fireworks. In addition, the changes have allowed individuals to purchase more powerful fireworks. ⋯ However, it has had a dramatic effect on the severity of the related injuries, resulting in more inpatient admissions and longer length of stay in the hospital. Preventative methods should be taken to reduce the rate and severity of firework-related injuries among U. S. youths.