Internal and emergency medicine
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Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a highly prevalent condition defined by the presence of at least three out of five risk factors including central obesity, increased fasting glucose, high blood pressure, and dyslipidaemia. Metabolic syndrome is associated with a 2-fold increase in cardiovascular outcomes and a 1.5-fold increase in all-cause mortality. Excess energy intake and Western dietary pattern may influence the development of metabolic syndrome. ⋯ Moreover, it is advisable to consume a large variety of unprocessed cereals, legumes, and fruit. Finally, it is suggested to replace saturated fatty acids with monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids and to limit the consumption of free sugars to less than 10% of the total energy intake. The aim of this narrative review is to analyze current evidence on the different dietary patterns and nutrients that may affect prevention and treatment of MetS and to discuss the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms.
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Substantial leaps have been made in the drug discovery front in tackling the growing pandemic of obesity and its metabolic co-morbidities. Greater mechanistic insight and understanding of the gut-brain molecular pathways at play have enabled the pursuit of novel therapeutic agents that possess increasingly efficacious weight-lowering potential whilst remaining safe and tolerable for clinical use. ⋯ In this paper, we review the latest data from the SURPASS and SURMOUNT clinical trials for the novel 'twincretin', known as Tirzepatide, which has demonstrated sizeable body weight reduction as well as glycaemic efficacy. We also provide an overview of amylin-based combination strategies and other emerging therapies in the pipeline that are similarly providing great promise for the future of chronic management of obesity.
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Fast-tracking publication of original research to coincide with a conference presentation ("coordinated publication") is a mechanism of rapidly disseminating new data. How often this occurs, whether its frequency is changing, and the impact of this approach on information dissemination, is unknown. Our objective was to describe the characteristics of coordinated publications, how the practice has changed over time, and evaluate its potential impact on dissemination of study results. ⋯ These differences persisted in a multivariable regression model. Coordinated publication is increasingly common. While coordinated publications may generate greater attention, they were observed to be more likely to be unblinded and more likely to be funded by industry, raising questions about the value and intentions of such promotion.