Obesity
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To identify metabolite patterns associated with childhood obesity, to examine relations of these patterns with measures of adiposity and cardiometabolic risk, and to evaluate associations with maternal peripartum characteristics. ⋯ BCAA and androgen metabolites were associated with adiposity and cardiometabolic risk during mid-childhood. Maternal obesity may contribute to altered offspring BCAA metabolism.
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To examine associations of chronic insufficient sleep with mid-childhood cardiometabolic health. ⋯ Chronic insufficient sleep from infancy to school-age was associated with higher mid-childhood metabolic risk. This association was explained by sleep duration's influence on mid-childhood adiposity.
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Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Kidney function in severely obese adolescents undergoing bariatric surgery.
Determine objective measures of kidney function and analyze factors associated with kidney dysfunction in severely obese adolescents undergoing weight loss surgery were described. ⋯ A significant number of severely obese adolescents undergoing weight loss surgery have evidence of early kidney dysfunction. Longitudinal studies following weight loss surgery in these individuals are needed to determine whether these kidney abnormalities are reversible following weight loss therapy.
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Sales of regular soda were declining, but sales of other sweetened beverages, such as sports drinks, were increasing. Our objective was to determine the prospective associations between sports drinks and body mass index (BMI) gains among adolescents and young adults. ⋯ Intake of sports drinks predicted larger increases in BMI among both females and males. Our results suggest that school policies focused on obesity prevention should be augmented to restrict sports drinks.
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Review Meta Analysis
Dietary pulses, satiety and food intake: a systematic review and meta-analysis of acute feeding trials.
To assess the effect of dietary pulses (beans, peas, chickpeas, lentils) on acute satiety and second meal intake, a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted. ⋯ Pooled analyses show that dietary pulses contribute to acute satiety but not second meal intake.