European surgical research. Europäische chirurgische Forschung. Recherches chirurgicales européennes
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Hepatic inflow occlusion results in ischemia-reperfusion injury. The aim of the present porcine study was to investigate whether the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine response is involved in mediating the protective effect of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) during, and after warm liver ischemia. ⋯ Warm liver ischemia with or without IPC activates inflammatory cytokines. IL-6 increased significantly in the IPC group compared to the non-IPC group, while the opposite was observed for TNF-alpha. These cytokine changes may be involved in the hepatoprotective mechanism induced by IPC.
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The mechanism of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy for acute pancreatitis has not been fully clarified yet. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of HBO on nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) activation and the inflammatory response in rats with acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP). ⋯ Our findings suggest that acute pancreatitis is associated with the upregulation of cytokines in blood as well as upregulation of NF-kappaB levels and downregulation of IkappaBalpha activation in peripheral blood neutrophilic granulocytes. In contrast, HBO plays a role in acute pancreatitis treatment by normalizing these changes.
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Interventions that reduce the generation or the effects of reactive oxygen species exert beneficial effects in a variety of models of septic shock. We investigated the effect of tempol, a low-molecular-weight membrane-permeable radical scavenger, on mesenteric blood flow and organ injury in a murine cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model of septic shock. ⋯ Tempol improved MABF in a CLP-induced septic shock model. Although tempol could not prevent the activation of PARP in the liver and kidney tubuli, it did attenuate PARP activation in the lung and kidney glomeruli.
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This article reports the efficacy of percutaneous autologous platelet-leukocyte-rich gel (PLRG) injection as a minimally invasive method alternative to open grafting techniques. Each of 32 participants was followed on a regular basis with clinical examinations, roentgenograms, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry examinations. In the delayed union group, the average time to union was 9.3 weeks after PLRG injection and the union was achieved in all cases. ⋯ Our investigation showed that percutaneous PLRG injection in delayed union is a sufficient method to obtain union, which is less invasive procedure than bone marrow injection. Percutaneous PLRG grafting can be also an effective method for the treatment of selected cases of nonunion. The essential factor is the average time from the initial surgery to PLRG injection for nonunion; <11 months seems to be critical for good outcomes.
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The mechanisms of abnormal lymphocyte apoptosis in sepsis are only partially defined. The present study was designed to investigate whether the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is implicated in the extensive apoptosis of lymphocytes in sepsis. ⋯ These data demonstrate activation of the unfolded protein response in lymphocytes and that ER stress may contribute to abnormal lymphocyte apoptosis during sepsis. Accordingly, the ER stress-mediated apoptosis pathway may be a novel target in clinical prevention and therapy of sepsis-induced lymphocyte apoptosis.