Journal of thoracic oncology : official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer
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The Masaoka clinical staging classification is the most widely accepted nowadays and is an excellent predictor for the prognosis of thymoma. Nevertheless, an update of this classification is desirable for it to be suitable for all thymic epithelial tumors including thymic carcinoma and carcinoid. The tumor-node metastasis (TNM) system classification and clinical staging system for thymic epithelial tumors have not been established yet. Until now, four TNM staging systems have been proposed: Yamakawa and Masaoka in 1991 (Y-M system), Tsuchiya et al. in National Cancer Center Hospital of Japan in 1994 (NCCHJ system), the World Health Organization Consensus Committee in 2004 (World Health Organization system), and Bedini et al. in National Cancer Institute of Italy in 2005 (NCII system). ⋯ This TNM staging system is an excellent predictor for the prognosis of thymic epithelial tumors including thymic carcinoma. The N and/or M factors influence the prognosis more than T factor. For the subclassification of the N and/or M factors, large-scale studies including the resectable and unresectable tumors are necessary.
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Consensus for EGFR mutation testing in non-small cell lung cancer: results from a European workshop.
Activating somatic mutations of the tyrosine kinase domain of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) have recently been characterized in a subset of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Patients harboring these mutations in their tumors show excellent response to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs). The EGFR-TKI gefitinib has been approved in Europe for the treatment of adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC with activating mutations of the EGFR TK. Because EGFR mutation testing is not yet well established across Europe, biomarker-directed therapy only slowly emerges for the subset of NSCLC patients most likely to benefit: those with EGFR mutations. ⋯ The recommendations of the workshop will help implement EGFR mutation testing in Europe and, thereby, optimize the use of EGFR-TKIs in clinical practice.