Journal of thoracic oncology : official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Bevacizumab maintenance in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer, clinical patterns, and outcomes in the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group 4599 Study: results of an exploratory analysis.
The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) 4599 study showed a significant survival benefit with the use of bevacizumab (BV) in combination with carboplatin and paclitaxel (CP) in comparison with CP chemotherapy alone in patients with previously untreated advanced, metastatic or recurrent non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Such results were achieved using BV as maintenance therapy until progressive disease. Because current data on single-agent BV maintenance in non-small-cell lung cancer are limited, we present a retrospective analysis of safety and efficacy outcomes for patients who received maintenance BV after induction treatment and the maintenance-eligible population of the control arm in ECOG 4599. ⋯ In this retrospective analysis of patients in the ECOG 4599 study, who were alive, progression free, and on-study 21 days after six cycles of induction therapy, significant reductions in HRs for progression (0.64, p < 0.001) and survival (0.75, p = 0.03) were associated with BV treatment during induction and maintenance compared with CP induction therapy alone and suggestive of possible benefit because of bevacizumab maintenance.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Prognostic and predictive role of the VeriStrat plasma test in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer treated with erlotinib or placebo in the NCIC Clinical Trials Group BR.21 trial.
We investigated the predictive and prognostic effects of VeriStrat, a serum or plasma-based assay, on response and survival in a subset of patients enrolled on the NCIC Clinical Trials Group, BR.21 phase III trial of erlotinib versus placebo in previously treated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients. ⋯ We were able to confirm that VeriStrat is predictive of objective response to erlotinib. VeriStrat is prognostic for both OS and progression-free survival, independent of clinical features, but is not predictive of differential survival benefit versus placebo.
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It is not determined whether the continuous use of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) is reasonable for patients with activating EGFR mutations, who have progressed with the drug. ⋯ Continuous use of EGFR-TKI beyond PD may prolong overall survival compared with switching to cytotoxic chemotherapy in patients with activating EGFR mutations. A prospective study will be needed to confirm our results.
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Epidermal growth factor and v-Ki-ras2 Kirsten ras sarcoma (KRAS) mutation status, although associated with EGFR- tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) efficacy, has not been used in clinical practice until recently. The prospective Evaluation of the EGFR Mutation status for the administration of EGFR-TKIs in non small cell lung Carcinoma (ERMETIC) study aimed to implement these biomarkers in France. ⋯ EGFR and KRAS status independently impacts outcomes in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients treated with EGFR-TKI. However, EGFR status impacts both PFS and OS whereas KRAS only impacts OS. These findings support the nationwide use of EGFR status for patient selection before EGFR-TKI therapy. The role of KRAS mutations remains to be elucidated.
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Increased tumor size is a known risk for poor outcomes in patients with stage I and II non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), who are treated with surgery or radiotherapy. However, there is limited information regarding the impact of tumor size on the outcomes of patients with mediastinal lymph node involvement. We conducted a Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database analysis to evaluate the prognostic significance of tumor size in patients with unresected stage III NSCLC. ⋯ Tumor size is an independent predictor for OS and DSS in patients with unresected stage III NSCLC, and should be considered in the stratification of patients treated in this setting after validation of this finding in additional studies.