Proteomics. Clinical applications
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Proteomics Clin Appl · Oct 2014
Biomarkers for AAA: Encouraging steps but clinical relevance still to be delivered.
Potential biomarkers have been investigated using proteomic studies in a variety of diseases. Some biomarkers have central roles in both diagnosis and monitoring of various disorders in clinical medicine, such as troponins, brain natriuretic peptide, and C-reactive protein. Although several biomarkers have been suggested in human abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), reliable markers have been lacking. ⋯ In this mouse model, apolipoprotein C1 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 were identified as novel biomarkers of stable AAA. This finding represents an important step forward, toward a clinically relevant role of biomarkers in AAA. This also encourages for further studies toward the identification of biomarkers (or their combinations) that can predict AAA progression and rupture, which would represent a major progress in AAA management and would establish an AAA biomarker as a much anticipated clinical tool.
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Proteomics Clin Appl · Aug 2014
Cardiac extracellular proteome profiling and membrane topology analysis using glycoproteomics.
Extracellular proteins are easily accessible, which presents a subproteome of molecular targets that have high diagnostic and therapeutic potential. Efforts have been made to catalog the cardiac extracellular matridome and analyze the topology of identified proteins for the design of therapeutic targets. Although many bioinformatics tools have been developed to predict protein topology, topology has been experimentally validated for only a very small portion of membrane proteins. The aim of this study was to use a glycoproteomics and MS approach to identify glycoproteins in the extracellular matridome of the infarcted left ventricle (LV) and provide experimental evidence for topological determination. ⋯ Our data provide the foundation for future studies of the LV infarct extracellular matridome, which may facilitate the discovery of drug targets and biomarkers.
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Proteomics Clin Appl · Feb 2014
ReviewThe role of proteomics in understanding biological mechanisms of sepsis.
Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory state caused by infection. Complications of this infection with multiple organ failure lead to more lethal conditions, such as severe sepsis and septic shock. Sepsis is one of the leading causes of US deaths. ⋯ These proteomics studies have discovered many novel biomarker candidates of septic infection. Validation the clinical use of these biomarker candidates may significantly impact the diagnosis and prognosis of sepsis. In addition, the molecular mechanisms revealed by these studies may also guide the development of more effective treatments.
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Proteomics Clin Appl · Aug 2013
Comparative StudyTrauma-associated human neutrophil alterations revealed by comparative proteomics profiling.
Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) play an important role in mediating the innate immune response after severe traumatic injury; however, the cellular proteome response to traumatic condition is still largely unknown. ⋯ Our data suggest increased neutrophil activation and inhibited neutrophil apoptosis in response to trauma. The study not only reveals an overall picture of functional neutrophil response to trauma at the proteome level, but also provides a rich proteomics data resource of trauma-associated changes in the neutrophil that will be valuable for further studies of the functions of individual proteins in PMNs.
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Proteomics Clin Appl · Jan 2013
ReviewClinical proteomics for diagnosis and typing of systemic amyloidoses.
Amyloidoses are characterized by deposition of misfolded proteins as β-pleated sheet fibrils in organs. Despite the similar morphologic appearance of fibrils, at least 28 different proteins have been identified as causative agents of amyloidosis in humans, 14 of which responsible for systemic forms. Correct identification of the amyloidogenic proteins in each patient is crucial for clinical management, in order to avoid misdiagnosis, inappropriate treatment, and to assess the prognosis. ⋯ However, drawbacks of immunohistochemistry-based techniques have driven the search for alternative methods for direct amyloid typing. In particular, MS-based proteomics, recently introduced in the clinical practice with or without the previous 2DE separation of proteins, has revolutionized amyloid typing. This review provides a description of current proteomics methods for the identification of the amyloidogenic proteins, with special attention to the most innovative MS-based techniques.