Bulletin of the NYU hospital for joint diseases
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In a follow-up study, patients are monitored over time. Longitudinal and time-to-event studies are the two most important types of a follow-up study. In this paper, the focus is on longitudinal studies with a continuous response where patients are examined at several time points. ⋯ We will illustrate that there are interpretational and computational issues with the "classical" approaches. Further, we expand here on more appropriate statistical techniques to analyze longitudinal studies. To this end, we focus on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and illustrate the approaches on data from a fictive randomized controlled trial in rheumatology.
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Bull NYU Hosp Jt Dis · Jan 2012
Case ReportsExtensor indicis proprius and extensor digitorum communis rupture after volar locked plating of the distal radius--a case report.
Distal radius fractures are among the most commonly encountered fractures in the extremities. Volar plating of distal radius fracture has gained popularity in recent years with the introduction of the locked plating system. Complications of volar plating include extensor and flexor tendon rupture. Here we present a case report of an extensor indicis proprius and extensor digitorum communis to index finger tendon rupture after open reduction and internal fixation of distal radius fracture with locked plate.
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Our aim was to determine whether the administration of intravenous tranexamic acid is a safe and effective means of reducing blood loss associated with hip and knee replacement surgery. ⋯ The administration of 1 gram of intravenous tranexamic acid is a safe and effective means of reducing operative blood loss and blood transfusion rates in patients undergoing hip and knee replacements.
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Bull NYU Hosp Jt Dis · Jan 2011
ReviewAdverse soft-tissue reactions around non-metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty - a systematic review of the literature.
Adverse local soft-tissue reactions have been associated with severe osteolysis and implant failure in metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty (THA). Such a causal relationship has not often been associated with non metal-on-metal bearing surfaces. The purpose of this study was to assess the literature for cases of adverse soft-tissue reactions in non-metal-on-metal bearings in order to determine if a consistent histological diagnosis existed and if it was bearing-specific. ⋯ The present analysis revealed that similar adverse soft-tissue reactions have been described for both metal-on-polyethylene and ceramic bearing surfaces. When encountering such reactions in patients, a comprehensive diagnostic workup, including computed tomography (CT) scanning, lesion biopsy, and revision planning to alternate bearing surfaces should be considered.
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The causes of brachial plexus palsy in neonates should be classified according to their most salient associated feature. The causes of brachial plexus palsy are obstetrical brachial plexus palsy, familial congenital brachial plexus palsy, maternal uterine malformation, congenital varicella syndrome, osteomyelitis involving the proximal head of the humerus or cervical vertebral bodies, exostosis of the first rib, tumors and hemangioma in the region of the brachial plexus, and intrauterine maladaptation. ⋯ The probability of obstetrical brachial plexus palsy is directly proportional to the magnitude, acceleration, and cosine of the angle formed by the direction of the vector of the stretching force and the axis of the most vulnerable brachial plexus bundle, and inversely proportional to the resistance of the must vulnerable brachial plexus bundle and of the shoulder girdle muscles, joints, and bones. Since in most nonsurgical cases neither the contribution of each of these factors to the production of the obstetrical brachial plexus palsy nor the proportion of traction and propulsion contributing to the stretch force is known, we concur with prior reports that the term of obstetrical brachial plexus palsy should be substituted by the more inclusive term of birth-related brachial plexus palsy.