Medicina
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The early urinary tract infection (EUTI) in kidney transplant recipients is an infection develop during the first 3 months post transplant surgery. The effect of EUTI on graft survival and risk factors have been scarcely studied. Our objetives were the evaluation of risk factors to EUTI, the assessment of the causal agent and graft survival impact. ⋯ This series shows that invasive urological maneuvers were the main risk factors for EUTI. Graft survival was similar. High prevalence of non coli bacteria need further evaluation.
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Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing E. coli causing watery diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS). In Argentina, HUS is the most common cause of acute renal failure in children. The purpose of the present study was to examine the cytotoxicity of Stx type 2 (Stx2) and its B subunit (Stx2B) on human renal tubular epithelial cells (HRTEC), in the presence and absence of inflammatory factors. ⋯ Results show that Stx2 regulates the passage of water through the HRTEC within an incubation period of 1h. Within longer periods, up to 72 hours, the study of morphology, viability, protein synthesis and apoptosis shows that HRTEC were sensitive to the cytotoxic action of Stx2 and Stx2B in a dose- and time-dependent manner. These effects were potentiated by lipopolysaccharides (LPS), IL-1beta, and butirate.
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By the end of year 2002 there was an outbreak of atypical pneumonia in Southeast Asia which soon spread to other continents. This new severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) was produced by a novel coronavirus. ⋯ The araldit included cells infected with bovine coronavirus which allowed the viral particles to be visualized easily but it took more time in comparison with the negative staining of free particles from viral cultures. RT-PCR was able to detect RNA of isolated viruses from cases in Hong Kong and Germany.
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Platypnea-orthodeoxia is an uncommon syndrome of dyspnea and hypoxemia induced by upright posture, which is subsequently relieved by recumbency. Traditionally, this condition has been reported in association with pulmonary, hepatic and cardiac diseases, but the mechanism is different in each situation. In presence of an atrial septal defect, a right to left cardiac shunt resulting as a consequence of redirection of the inferior vena cava flow towards the atrial septum and results in postural hypoxemia. ⋯ On the other hand, lung diseases affecting basal areas and increasing the alveolar pressure are related to the development of parenchimal pulmonary shunts with hypoxemia during postural changes, since the dead space, the functional shunt and the hypoxic vascular pulmonary constriction are affected. The autonomic neuropathy may attenuate normal sympathetic vasoconstrictor responses during postural changes, resulting in ventilation-perfusion mismatching and hypoxemia. Clinical and therapeutic aspects of this sindrome are provided.