Medicina
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In April 2019, UNICEF denounced that more than 20 million children worldwide had not been vaccinated and alerted on possible outbreaks of measles which, due to the high transmissibility of this virus, is the first disease preventable by vaccination to emerge. If the decline in vaccinations continues, pertussis, tetanus and other diseases, which require less coverage to achieve population protection, may also reappear. In Argentina, the current outbreak began in late August 2019. ⋯ Newborns are protected by maternal antibodies transmitted via the placenta, up to 6 months. In Argentina, the Vaccination Calendar includes two doses of triple viral vaccine, at 12 months and 5 years, and a zero dose (6-11 months of age) in districts with disease cases. The protection conferred by the vaccine is 93% at 12 months with a dose, and with 2 doses 97% for life.
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The COVID-19 pandemic and preventive and compulsory social isolation (PCSI) have generated changes in the organization and use of the health system around the world. We analyze the impact of the health situation on the number of outpatient visits, hospitalizations and access to revascularization therapy for cerebrovascular disease. The period from March 1 to July 31, 2020 was analyzed. ⋯ The number of hospitalizations and outpatient visits during the PCSI dropped substantially. This seems to be due to strict compliance with quarantine and not to pathophysiological mechanisms related to COVID-19. The population should be educated about the need to control chronic diseases and acute events and safety measures should be guaranteed in health centers.
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Hypoparathyroidism (HypoPT) is a rare disease characterized by low calcium and inappropriately low circulating parathormone levels. We present the case of a 25-year-old high-performance athlete male, with history of HypoPT after total thyroidectomy for papillary thyroid carcinoma (T3 N1b M0) two years before, who was referred to our clinic for symptomatic hypocalcemia. The patient reported serum calcium average levels of 7mg%, presented symptoms of hypocalcemia at rest and had multiple hospital admissions. ⋯ Full-length recombinant human parathyroid hormone [rhPTH(1-84)] therapy was started with 50υg/d subcutaneous, and later adjusted to 75υg/d and the oral treatment gradually decreased. Currently, he is asymptomatic, with serum calcium levels above 9mg%, without receiving oral medication. He performs sports activity and shows marked improvement in quality of life according to SF-36 questionnaire.
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Severe aortic stenosis is a common disease whose prevalence is steadily growing with population ageing. Surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) has been the only effective alternative until the introduction of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR or TAVI). This procedure was initially used for non-surgical candidate patients where two randomized clinical trials and several registries showed superiority over conservative medical treatment. ⋯ Similar findings regarding effectiveness were observed in other clinical trials including intermediate and low risk patients. Technical and procedural improvements, including learning curve and the current minimally invasive strategy have decreased periprocedural and mid-term complications such as those related with vascular access, stroke, the need for permanent pacemaker implantation and paravalvular leak. All things considered, durability is a pending question to establish which would be the role of TAVR in current and future practice.