Medicina
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We have studied the comitogenic activity of IL 1 produced by cultures of mononuclear adherent cells obtained from Diabetes Mellitus (DM) type II or non insulin dependent diabetic patients. This activity was measured by the incorporation of 3H Thymidine into cultures of C3H/HeJ mice thymocytes in the presence of phytohemagglutinin (PHA). We have observed that IL 1 from patients with DM type II did not produce a synergistic effect with PHA, since the lymphoproliferation levels were similar to those obtained in the absence of this lectin. This lack of comitogenic activity (P less than 0.001) in relation to the response obtained with IL 1 from normal subjects plus PHA, could be due to the release of one or several soluble substances capable of blocking glycosylated receptors to mitogens or of impairing the cellular activation process.
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The activity of cefpirome (HR 810) was evaluated against 247 strains isolated from patients developing their infections while in a hospital in Buenos Aires. Its activity against Gram negative bacilli was compared with ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, cephalotin, piperacillin, amikacin, gentamicin and norfloxacin. In terms of MIC50 and MIC90 (mg/l) it was as follows: Klebsiella pneumoniae: less than 0.125, less than 2.0; Pseudomonas aeruginosa: less than 8, less than 16; Escherichia coli: less than 0.016, less than 0.063; Serratia marcescens: less than 0.063, less than 1.0; Enterobacter cloacae: less than 0.125, less than 1.0. ⋯ Cefpirome was more active than cepahallotin against Streptococcus faecalis (2.0, 32) although less active than ampicillin, piperacillin, rifampicin and vancomycin. Against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (less than 0.25, less than 1.0) it was more active than cephalotin and the other drugs evaluated (piperacillin, erythromycin, chloranphenicol, aminogycosides). Like cephalotin, the activity of cefpirome against methicillin-resistant strains was variable (1.0, 32).
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The production of IL-1 by splenic mononuclear adherent cells (MAC) from BALB/c mice inoculated with Sarcoma 180 (S180) was examined as a possible mechanism underlying the immunosuppression observed in tumor bearing mice. Two different inducers of IL-1 were used to stimulate MAC. A natural polysaccharide PCj3 (1, 5, 10 micrograms/ml) and a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of E. coli (1, 5, 10, 20 micrograms/ml). ⋯ When MAC were incubated with LPS, the IL-1 production was dose dependent while PCj3 seemed to have reached a saturation level between 5 and 10 micrograms/ml. The increase in tumor size (day 20-30) was associated with a significant decrease in IL-1 production by MAC in response to both stimulants. Therefore, the immunosuppression associated with the late stages of tumor growth may be due to inhibition of IL-1 production.
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Letter Biography Historical Article
[A young man of yesterday: Luis E. Ontaneda (1903-1938)].