Zeitschrift für Evidenz, Fortbildung und Qualität im Gesundheitswesen
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Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundhwes · Jan 2012
Review Comparative Study[Palliative care: an example of Comparative Effectiveness Research?].
Comparative Effectiveness Research (CER) seeks to establish treatment objectives and concepts striving to achieve patient relevant progress in therapy on the basis of published evidence. Using the example of palliative medicine and palliative care, respectively, it will be demonstrated that these two are under-researched areas of care. In addition, it will become clear that the success of this interdisciplinary treatment concept for the seriously ill must be weighed in the light of traditional clinical research - far beyond the cancer diagnosis. The current distinction between curative and palliative research and care urgently needs to be reconsidered.
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Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundhwes · Jan 2012
Development and validation of the "FrOCK": Frankfurt observer communication checklist.
Appropriate communication behaviour during medical consultations has been shown to improve doctor-patient relationships, and should therefore be an integral part of medical training. In Germany, though, there are almost no reliable and validated checklists for assessing communication skills during medical examinations. Our aim was to develop and validate the first German checklist to examine communication skills that can be used during examinations: the Frankfurt Observer Communication Checklist (FrOCK). ⋯ The results of this study have shown that FrOCK is a clear and concise checklist for assessing communication skills in medical examinations and one that satisfies psychometric requirements as well. It takes only 3 to 5minutes to complete and thus is particularly useful for assessing communication skills in medical examinations.
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Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundhwes · Jan 2012
[Assessing the effectiveness of medical devices in patient-oriented surgical research].
Surgery depends on the application of therapeutic procedures that are based on scientific evidence. It legitimises its claim in patient care through operations with proven benefit consisting of cure or improvement of symptoms. ⋯ Standardisation of surgical and perioperative care is the inevitable prerequisite in clinical trials to define and to evaluate effectiveness of surgical devices. The Study Centre of the German Surgical Society has established an efficient infrastructure for such trials in Germany and is working to refine the scientific methodology in order to improve the current basis of evidence. (As supplied by publisher).
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Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundhwes · Jan 2012
[Utility of medical devices: approaches to planning and conducting clinical trials].
Medicines and medical devices do not only differ in the approval process, but also in the aim and conduct of clinical trials. We first discuss important differences between medicinal products and medical devices. Emphasis is put on the differences in the framework for clinical trials. ⋯ We discuss statistical methodological particularities of medical devices, such as blinding and the control of placebo effects. Using the conservative treatment of anal incontinence as an example, we show that comprehensive technical and physical knowledge is required for assessing the utility of medical devices. Finally, we consider reporting of severe adverse events and of severe adverse device effects of medical devices.
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Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundhwes · Jan 2012
["Working like a doctor": medical students' expectations of their final year elective in Family Medicine].
Successful curricular development requires that consideration be given to the opinions of faculty members, teachers and students. The aim of the present study was to explore students' expectations of the final year Family Medicine elective. ⋯ Considering that the final year elective in Family Medicine will take place away from Medical School different teaching models should be evaluated for their effectiveness as well as their learner-centeredness.