Zeitschrift für Evidenz, Fortbildung und Qualität im Gesundheitswesen
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Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundhwes · Jan 2014
[Reflections on 20 years of clinical practice guideline programmes in Germany: what is their impact?].
Following a recommendation of the National Advisory Council for the Concerted Action in Health Care, the Association of the Scientific Medical Societies (AWMF) have promoted, supported and coordinated the development of clinical practice guidelines in Germany since 1995. The allocation of the responsibility for guideline development in the scientific societies corresponded to the principle of subsidiarity, in contrast to other countries counting on government-organised guideline programmes. ⋯ The next challenging goal is to establish a theory-driven framework allowing for a systematic implementation and evaluation of guidelines in Germany on the basis of existing approaches. However, success in this endeavour will require further research and funding.
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Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundhwes · Jan 2014
[Dealing with uncertainty--the hypermodernity of general practice].
The general practitioner is fundamentally dealing with uncertainty. On the one hand, we want to demonstrate that uncertainty cannot simply be stipulated as a matter of fact. Instead, we will show that this uncertainty is a performative effect of the primary care setting. On the other hand, we want to point out that the general practitioner's ability to bear uncertainty is a genuinely hypermodern way of productively dealing with uncertainty.
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Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundhwes · Jan 2014
[Points of view: the role of quality measurement from the Federal Joint Committee's perspective].
The Federal Joint Committee (G-BA) is a central decision-making body that issues binding directives to ensure the quality of both inpatient and outpatient health care services within the German Statutory Health Insurance system. Quality measurement on the basis of quality indicators has proceeded furthest in the field of external quality assurance (QA) of inpatient services. Originally designed for quality development in a "protected environment" through learning from better practices, it has been faced with new expectations since competitive elements have been introduced into the health care system. ⋯ Despite the high political expectations (for example, concerning the development of online charts comparing the quality of inpatient care delivery), the Federal Joint Committee should not overlook the necessity of embedding quality measurement and public reporting into a comprehensive quality framework which can be used to promote continuous quality improvement through a structured feedback of the results to health care providers. In addition, we need a consistent patient orientation and a systematic evaluation of the QA measures employed. By networking more closely with evidence-based medicine and health services research, quality assurance may give rise to a systematic quality research from which genuine quality and care objectives can be derived and which, as an integral part of a "learning care", supports a patient-oriented advancement of care structures.
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Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundhwes · Jan 2014
[GRADE guidelines: 14. Going from evidence to recommendations: the significance and presentation of recommendations].
This article describes the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach to classifying the direction and strength of recommendations. The strength of a recommendation, separated into strong and weak, is defined as the extent to which one can be confident that the desirable effects of an intervention outweigh its undesirable effects. Alternative terms for a weak recommendation include conditional, discretionary, or qualified. ⋯ Occasionally, guideline developers may choose to make "only-in-research" recommendations. Although panels may choose not to make recommendations, this choice leaves those looking for answers from guidelines without the guidance they are seeking. GRADE therefore encourages panels to, wherever possible, offer recommendations.
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So far, there has been a lack of systematic data regarding critical incidents and safety climate in Swiss primary care offices. Therefore, a survey was conducted amongst physicians and nurses ("MPA") working in Swiss German primary care offices leading to a subsequent project on the telephone triage. ⋯ The results of this study show the telephone triage to be a relevant area of patient safety in primary care that has not been focused on so far. In order to enhance safety of the triage process a new project was initiated. The result of the project is a triage guide for primary care offices. This guide supports physicians and nurses in a joint and critical examination of office structures and processes related to telephone triage. The systematically observed differences between occupational groups indicate that the entire office team need to be involved when analysing safety risks and taking action to improve patient safety. Only in doing so, risks can be identified comprehensively. Moreover, measures can be taken that are relevant to and supported by all healthcare professionals working in a primary care office. This approach of involving the entire team forms the basis for the guide on telephone triage.