Journal of infection and public health
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J Infect Public Health · Sep 2019
Case ReportsRaoultella planticola associated with Meckel's diverticulum perforation and peritonitis in a child: Case report and systematic review of the paediatric literature.
Raoultella planticola (R. planticola) is a Gram-negative, aerobic, rod bacteria found in water and soil that has been on rare occasions associated with clinical infections. However, in recent years, there has been both an increase in the frequency and severity of R. planticola infections. We present the first case of Meckel's diverticulum perforation and peritonitis in a child associated with R. planticola infection and a systematic review of the paediatric literature. At present, in the paediatric population, R. planticola presents good susceptibility to a variety of antibiotics with the exception of ampicillin.
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J Infect Public Health · Sep 2019
Characteristics of neonatal Sepsis at a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia.
To identify the risk factors, laboratory profile, microbial profile, mortality and complications, mortality causing organisms and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of neonatal sepsis at a tertiary care hospital. ⋯ Concerted efforts are needed to determine the spectrum of risk factors and the clinical characteristics of EOS and LOS in order to implement appropriate treatment strategies as sepsis remains to be a serious danger to neonatal wellbeing. Moreover, our study emphasizes that use of aminoglycosides is much agreeable as compared to the broad spectrum antibiotics which are more rampantly used nowadays.
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J Infect Public Health · Jul 2019
Use of personal protective equipment to protect against respiratory infections in Pakistan: A systematic review.
Like other low-income countries, limited data are available on the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) in Pakistan. We conducted a systematic review of studies on PPE use for respiratory infections in healthcare settings in Pakistan. MEDLINE, Embase and Goggle Scholar were searched for clinical, epidemiological and laboratory-based studies in English, and 13 studies were included; all were observational/cross-sectional studies. ⋯ Compliance with PPE use was low among healthcare workers, and reuse of PPE was reported. Clear policies on the use of PPE and available PPE are needed to avoid inappropriate practices that could result in the spread of infection. Large, multimethod studies are recommended on PPE use to inform national infection-control guidelines.
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J Infect Public Health · Sep 2018
Comparative StudyNafcillin versus cefazolin for the treatment of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia.
Anti-staphylococcal penicillins have long been the first-line treatment option for methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) infections. Recent retrospective data comparing nafcillin and cefazolin report similar clinical efficacy despite concerns about high inoculum MSSA infections. ⋯ Cefazolin was associated with lower nephrotoxicity and similar treatment failure rates compared to nafcillin suggesting that cefazolin is an appealing first line agent for most MSSA bloodstream infections.
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J Infect Public Health · Jul 2018
Retrospective evaluation of piperacillin-tazobactam, imipenem-cilastatin and meropenem used on surgical floors at a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia.
The appropriate use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, including appropriate de-escalation, is essential to reduce the emergence of antibiotic resistance. In surgical floors antibiotics are prescribed for prophylaxis (mostly, single dose), empirical treatment (started if infection is suspected till bacteria are identified with its sensitivity to antibiotics), or treatment of well-defined infection of previously isolated bacteria with its sensitivity to antibiotics. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics based on requests for cultures and de-escalation based on sensitivity results of culture tests at tertiary care hospital. ⋯ The use of broad-spectrum antibiotics in surgical floors at a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia was largely unjustified by culture-test result. Interventions are needed to enforce culture and sensitivity test requests within 24h of starting the broad spectrum antibiotics therapy with further follow up to ensure appropriate de-escalation and discontinuation whenever indicated.