Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases
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Scand. J. Infect. Dis. · Jan 2004
Case ReportsTreatment of vancomycin-intermediate Staphylcoccus aureus endocarditis with linezolid.
We report a case of infective endocarditis due to vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus that developed after repeated courses of vancomycin. The patient had underlying end stage renal disease and dissecting aortic aneurysm with aortic graft and prosthetic aortic valve replacement. He responded to prolonged combination therapy with linezolid and amikacin without undergoing surgical intervention.
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Scand. J. Infect. Dis. · Jan 2004
Case ReportsEndobronchial actinomycosis secondary to a tooth aspiration.
We report a middle aged smoker with recurrent pneumonia caused by endobronchial actinomycosis secondary to a tooth aspiration. Unlike previously reported cases, our patient was not chronically debilitated. The case suggests that a follow-up bronchoscopy is beneficial after the initiation of antibiotic therapy for endobronchial actinomycosis.
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Scand. J. Infect. Dis. · Jan 2004
Candidemia in patients with diabetes mellitus: epidemiology and predictors of mortality.
Candidemia is the fourth most frequent nosocomial bloodstream infection in the US. The clinical characteristics and outcome of candidemia in adult patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) have not been reported in the literature. The objective of the study was to determine the epidemiology and determinants of mortality in diabetic patients with candidemia. ⋯ Logistic regression analysis identified 3 independent determinants of death; Apache II score > or =23 (OR 8.3, 95% CI{2.7, 25.4}, p =0.0002), nosocomial candidemia (OR 10.2, 95% CI{1.1, 97.9}, p = 0.04), and mechanical ventilation (OR 3.6, 95% CI{1.1, 11.2}, p = 0.03). The study demonstrates the emergence of non-albicans species of Candida as major causes of candidemia among diabetic patients. The severity of illness reflected by Apache II was the most significant predictor of mortality among diabetic patients with candidemia.
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When returning from a 5-month trip to China, a 21-y-old Dutch male developed clinical signs, symptoms, and an antibody response compatible with leptospirosis. On d 15 of disease, he also developed facial palsy with a bilateral Bell's phenomenon. Facial palsy is a rare finding in leptospirosis, and if a causal relation exists, the delay of onset in the present case would suggest vasculitis rather than a direct neurotoxic effect.
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Scand. J. Infect. Dis. · Jan 2004
Neisseria meningitidis W-135 carriage during the Hajj season 2003.
During the 2003 Hajj pilgrimage to Mecca, 344 pilgrims of 29 different nationalities were screened by means of a throat swab to detect Neisseria meningitidis carriage. N. meningitidis was isolated from 11 subjects; 2 were serogroup W-135, 1 serogroup B, and 8 were non-groupable. ⋯ However, vaccination with the meningococcal quadrivalent vaccine, for all pilgrims, should continue to be recommended. The possibility of new strains arising as a cause of future meningococcal outbreaks should be considered, and annual surveillance may give an early warning.