Journal of clinical psychology
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This study assesses the utility of Maslach's concept of burnout for family practice physicians. Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) subscale correlations for the 67 residents in this sample are compared with Maslach's normative sample. The residents scored in the moderate to high range on the MBI subscales. ⋯ Significant correlations between job satisfaction and five of the six MBI subscales suggest that the construct of burnout has considerable psychological import for these physicians. The validity of the emotional exhaustion subscale is demonstrated by significant correlations with self-assessed burnout, job satisfaction, and faculty assessments of resident burnout. Independent observers were most sensitive to residents' emotional exhaustion and less likely to assess accurately the less visible aspects of burnout related to depersonalization and lack of achievement, which suggests the usefulness of multiple measures for assessing the burnout phenomenon.
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To study type and amount of training in geropsychology available to students in APA-approved doctoral programs in clinical and counseling psychology, a questionnaire was mailed to all such programs in 1984. Response rate was 71 of 132 (59%) for clinical programs and 27 of 37 (73%) for counseling programs. Very little difference was found between responses of clinical and counseling programs and between this 1984 survey and one conducted in 1975-76. There seems to be a very small increase in training opportunities for psychology students in geropsychology in 1984 at the doctoral level.
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The subjectivity of the Harris-Lingoes MMPI content subscales was examined by asking expert judges (N = 13) to group items from appropriate clinical scales that represented similar content, attitudes or traits. The mean subgroups were compared to the Harris-Lingoes subscales, and item groupings were consensually validated and replicated. ⋯ Nine consensually validated and replicated subscales were highly similar to nine Harris-Lingoes subscales, while nine other replicated subscales were moderately similar to seven Harris-Lingoes subscales. Twelve Harris-Lingoes subscales were unrelated to the replicated subscales.
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Examined the MMPI correlates of relatively localized brain damage classified along dimensions of laterality and caudality. Forty patients with lateralized lesions that involved anterior or posterior cerebral areas were studied. ⋯ The MMPI profile for the left hemisphere lesion group is well within the normal range; the right hemisphere lesion group is beyond normal limits, primarily on scales 8 and 2. Several issues are discussed in an effort to integrate these findings with previous studies.
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Comparative Study
Predicting outcome of psychiatric hospitalization: a comparison of attitudinal and psychopathological measures.
Demonstrated that a generalized measure of locus of control (the Rotter I-E Scale) is not as effective in predicting outcome of hospitalization as a direct assessment of psychiatric patients' (N = 103) willingness to admit to having problems. The addition of diagnostic classification to patients' acknowledgment of problems did not improve the discriminative capacity of the latter with regard to length of hospitalization or readmission within 1 year. Patients' acceptance of responsibility for their problems was not related significantly to length of stay or readmission, except in the presence of severe pathology (as indicated by diagnostic classification). Implications for therapeutic strategies based on these findings were presented.